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自分が読んで興味深く感じた英文記事を中心に取り上げる予定です

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夏恒例の雑誌フォーチュンGlobal 500の号が出ていたんですね。昨年もこのブログで取り上げています。

世界経済での日本の立ち位置
Posted at 2016.07.23


この動画ははっきり、ゆっくり話してくれているので聞き取りやすいです。動画スクリプトはこのエントリーの最後に紹介しています。

動画で米国と中国のランクインした企業の数を紹介していましたが、

米国 132社
中国 109社

特集記事でも取り上げていたのは中国やインドなどの伸びが大きく、今後も期待できる地域の企業です。

GLOBAL 500
You’ve Never Heard of HNA Group. Here’s Why You Will.

Vivienne Walt
Jul 24, 2017
The $53 billion Chinese conglomerate already owns a company near you.

GLOBAL 500
How Tata’s New Chairman Plans to Fix India’s Biggest Company

Clay Chandler
Jul 21, 2017

雑誌の特設サイトで日本の企業数を数えてみると51社でした。日本 51社の詳しい内訳は以下の通り。

5Toyota Motor$254,694
29Honda Motor$129,198
33Japan Post Holdings$122,990
44Nissan Motor$108,164
50Nippon Telegraph & Telephone$105,128
71Hitachi$84,558
72SoftBank Group$82,892
87AEON$75,772
105Sony$70,170
110Panasonic$67,775
111Nippon Life Insurance$67,388
116Marubeni$65,792
127JXTG Holdings$63,629
142Dai-ichi Life Holdings$59,590
145Mitsubishi$59,303
164Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group$55,185
167Seven & I Holdings$53,858
185Tokyo Electric Power$49,446
188MS&AD Insurance Group Holdings$49,239
193Tokio Marine Holdings$48,292
202Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group$47,375
215Itochu$44,654
219KDDI$43,822
228Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal$42,757
236Denso$41,781
237Fujitsu$41,620
242Sumitomo Life Insurance$40,921
249Mitsui$40,275
262Mitsubishi Electric$39,119
282Sumitomo$36,888
294Mitsubishi Heavy Industries$36,122
297Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance$35,767
324Aisin Seiki$32,879
330Daiwa House Industry$32,421
340Sompo Holdings$31,559
347Canon$31,271
349Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings$31,158
352Subaru$30,696
353Bridgestone$30,678
356JFE Holdings$30,539
357Mizuho Financial Group$30,390
367Mazda Motor$29,665
373Suzuki Motor$29,252
381Medipal Holdings$28,277
389Kansai Electric Power$27,792
408East Japan Railway$26,587
420Sumitomo Electric Industries$25,975
423Idemitsu Kosan$25,888
437NEC$24,596
451Chubu Electric Power$24,028
461Alfresa Holdings$23,551

この号は保存版として購入するところが多いと見越してか、日本政府が19ページに渡って日本を売り出す広告を出していることも毎年恒例のことです。巻頭のキャッチは以下の通りで、水素の燃料自動車などの新技術を中心に紹介しています。

As companies restructure to focus on areas of growth, government is proposing bold strategies to foster everything from clean energy use to greater social inclusiveness. Japan is changing – for the better.

特設サイトで面白い機能だったのは過去20年のランキングのトレンドを見れるもの。

Historical rankings of global 500 companies
Each line in this chart represents the ranking history of a company listed in 2016. Hover over lines to see the ranks, or filter by industry to see how each company fares compared to their peers.


wholesalerでフィルターをかけると日本の商社のランキングの推移を見ることができます。1995年はすごい年だったんですね。これは商社だけのランキングではなく全ての業種でのGlobal 500での順位です。

1位 三菱商事
2位 三井物産
3位 伊藤忠商事
4位 住友商事
6位 丸紅

サラリーマンだけでなく日本人が昔はすごかった、「日本すげえ」の感傷に浸りたくなるのもわかりますね。。。。

(動画スクリプト)
The Global 500 is Fortune’s ranking of the world’s largest companies, ranked by revenue for their most recent fiscal year. It’s the ultimate scorecard for big business around the world.

In sum, the total revenue of the companies on this list was $28 trillion dollars. That’s equal to about 37% of global GDP. And the Companies in the Global 500 earned a total of $1.5 trillion in profit.

The result is a list of companies that are shaping the way people all over the world work, live, play, shop.

The number one company on the Global 500 this year for fourth in a row is Walmart. It’s the only company on the Global 500 with more than $400 billion in revenue and it’s pushing $500 billion. That’s followed by three Chinese companies, State Grid, Sinope Group and China Natural Petroleum.

The United States had 132 companies on this year’s list. That’s down two. It’s kind of held steady around that number for a while. China, on the other hand, gained six companies last year and came in at 109.

One trend that we see in the Global 500 this year is that we saw in the Fortune 500 is continued weakness in the energy sector. Companies like Royal Dutch Shell, and Exxon Mobile, they’r still in the top, but they’re sliding a few spots this year.

There are 33 new companies to the list this year. Most of those are technology companies. You have Facebook making Global 500 for the first time. Tencent out of China, Alibaba out of China. Hewlett-Packard Enterprises, Dell made a comeback this year. And in terms of profit and revenue growth, technology sector leads both of those numbers.

I think one thing you can take away from the Global 500 this year is there’s a lot talk and debate about globalization. But the really big companies, the multinational companies, continue to grow and thrive in the global economy.
スポンサーサイト



 

伊藤園が世界で18位にランクイン

 


雑誌Fortuneが昨年から始めたランキング「世界を変える」企業50社に日本からは伊藤園とパナソニックがランクインしていました。

How Fortune’s 'Change the World' Companies Profit From Doing Good
by Clifton Leaf @CliftonLeaf AUGUST 18, 2016, 6:30 AM EDT

グローバル企業というとThe social responsibility of business is to increase its profits.という経済学者フリードマンの言葉にあるような新自由主義的態度を想像しやすいですが、世の中をよくしようとする試みをしている企業を評価しようというのがこのランキングの目的です。

Why Milton Friedman Was Wrong
by Alan Murray AUGUST 18, 2016, 6:30 AM

In an interview this summer, Microsoft MSFT 0.03% CEO Satya Nadella was asked whether he thought companies creating technology had a responsibility to consider the effects of that technology on social equity.

The late Milton Friedman had a ready answer. “The social responsibility of business,” the economist often said, “is to increase its profits.” Period.

But Nadella took a different approach: “I think we don’t have a long-term business if we don’t address the inequities.”


伊藤園はTea-Producing Region Development Projectの取り組みが評価されてのランクインとなりました。

18 Ito En Japan

Growing new jobs in Japan’s struggling farming sector.
Green tea is the drink of choice for many Japanese, but going green has been the mantra of cool for Ito En, the largest green-tea beverage manufacturer in the country. Since 2001, the $3.9 billion soft drink maker has been driving the Tea-Producing Region Development Project, an enterprise that attempts to put Japan’s 400,000 hectares of abandoned farmland and its unemployed workers to use. Partnering with regional farmers and governments, Ito En has earmarked nearly 1,000 hectares for tea plantations, procuring raw tea leaves and bringing technological assistance to revitalize dormant farms. This has led to an annual production capacity of around 3,300 tons, roughly 40% of the raw tea leaves that the company uses annually in its beverage production. The company has also found a way to transform 49,000 tons of used tea leaves into 50 million cardboard boxes for its own products annually.


Tea-Producing Region Development Projectというのは「茶産地育成事業」のことで伊藤園のサイトで日本語、英語の説明を読み比べることができます。

茶産地育成事業

Tea-Producing Region Development Project

まあ、低賃金で有名なWalmartやNikeなどがランクインしていたりするので単なるお飾りの取り組みと批判できるかもしれませんが、新規にいろいろやってみることで新たなやり方を育むことができるかもしれないのでYutaとしては評価したいです。
 

世界経済での日本の立ち位置

 


日本はグローバル経済で確固たる地位を占めているという90年代までの日本のイメージを浮かべている人が今でも多いかもしれませんが、そんなのは遠い過去のようです。毎年恒例の雑誌Fortuneのグローバル500が発表されました。

中国の失速と原油安で昨年のグローバル500の売上も利益も減ってしまったようです。

Everything You Need to Know About the Global 500 in 6 Charts
by Christopher Tkaczyk , Stacy Jones , Grace Donnelly @ctkaczyk JULY 22, 2016, 9:00 AM EDT


The Fortune Global 500, our annual list of the world’s largest corporations, represent the best in global business. In 2015, revenue for the Global 500 declined 11.5% to $27.6 trillion, and total profit declined 11.2% to $1.5 trillion. The decreases are largely the result of the oil glut and all-time lows for crude prices—last year, mining, oil producers, and metal companies lost a combined $70 billion on $1.3 trillion in revenue. And a strong U.S. dollar also cut into the revenues for U.S.-based corporations operating abroad. For more about the economic impact of the almighty buck, read How a Spike in the Value of the Dollar is Hurting the U.S. Economy.

以下がトップ10です。アップルが初めてトップ10に入ったと動画でも語っていました。2位、3位、4位と中国です。

Fortune グローバル500のリスト

1位 Walmart$482,130
2位 State Grid$329,601
3位 China National Petroleum$299,271
4位 Sinopec Group$294,344
5位 Royal Dutch Shell$272,156
6位 Exxon Mobil$246,204
7位 Volkswagen$236,600
8位 Toyota Motor$236,592
9位 Apple$233,715
10位 BP$225,982


グローバル500社の中で一番多いのがアメリカ企業で134社だそうです。中国企業は10年前の19社から103社に増えたそうです。日本でランクインした企業は52社でした。(すみません、日本企業の数を後から直しました。最初の更新時には200位までしか数えていませんでした。。。)

Fortune グローバル500の日本企業

8位 Toyota Motor$236,592
36位 Honda Motor$121,624
37位 Japan Post Holdings$118,762
53位 Nissan Motor$101,536
60位 Nippon Telegraph & Telephone$96,134
79位 Hitachi$83,584
92位 SoftBank Group$76,469
111位 AEON$67,758
113位 Sony$67,519
114位 Nippon Life Insurance$67,118
128位 Panasonic$62,921
131位 JX Holdings$62,511
135位 Dai-ichi Life Insurance$61,090
138位 Marubeni$60,810
151位 Mitsubishi$57,689
169位 Toshiba$52,032
177位 Tokyo Electric Power$50,561
179位 Seven & I Holdings$50,099
191位 Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group$47,600223位 Itochu$42,345
231位 MS&AD Insurance Group Holdings$41,758
238位 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal$40,878
243位 Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group$39,751
245位 Mitsui$39,647
248位 Fujitsu$39,477
261位 Tokio Marine Holdings$38,143
268位 Denso$37,688
271位 KDDI$37,202
276位 Mitsubishi Electric$36,604
284位 Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance$35,623
307位 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries$33,709
308位 Sumitomo$33,409
324位 Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings$31,846
332位 Canon$31,401
333位 Bridgestone$31,318
335位 Sumitomo Life Insurance$31,100
371位 JFE Holdings$28,586
373位 Mazda Motor$28,376
388位Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Holdings$27,123
391位Kansai Electric Power$27,038
393位 Aisin Seiki$27,015
395位 Fuji Heavy Industries$26,924
399位 Mizuho Financial Group$26,783
402位Daiwa House Industry$26,596
405位 Suzuki Motor$26,494
412位 Idemitsu Kosan$26,147
424位 Medipal Holdings$25,224
440位 Sumitomo Electric Industries$24,432
447位 East Japan Railway$23,883
448位 Chubu Electric Power$23,774
452位 NEC$23,500
492位 Alfresa Holdings$21,461


日本では格下のように報道されていた鴻海精密工業はリストでは25位でした。特に年配の方々は90年代までの日本のイメージでいるかもしれませんが、このリストを見ていて伸びしろの多い企業ってどれがあるでしょう。人口減で国内経済の成長も望めませんし、もし電気自動車が広まってしまうと最後の砦の自動車メーカーも危ういのかもしれません。

「グローバル?ぷぷぷ」と揶揄するだけでなく、こういう文脈で「このグローバル経済で日本はどうするの?」と改めて考えてみてもいい気もします。。。50代なら今のまま縮小再生産で逃げ切ろうと思ってしまうんでしょうか。。。
 

追い詰められる期待の星

 


画期的な血液検査を開発したと注目を集めていたTheranosという会社。昨年WSJの調査報道で実情が伴っていないことを暴露されて話題になりましたが、政府調査でもいろいろな問題を指摘されてしまっているようです。W

BUSINESS
Theranos Devices Often Failed Accuracy Requirements
Government report details deficiencies found with Edison blood-testing machines

By JOHN CARREYROU and CHRISTOPHER WEAVER
March 31, 2016 7:06 p.m. ET

The blood-testing devices that Theranos Inc. touted as revolutionary often failed to meet the company’s own accuracy requirements for a range of tests, including one to help detect cancer, according to a federal inspection report.

A redacted version of the report was released late Thursday. A full version was reviewed by The Wall Street Journal. The 121-page document details deficiencies found by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services during its inspection of the closely held company’s Newark, Calif., laboratory last fall.


冒頭の文でThe blood-testing devices that Theranos Inc. touted as revolutionary often failed to meet the company’s own accuracy requirementsと動詞toutが使われていますがここでは「実情はわからないが売り込んでいる」というニュアンスですね。

(オックスフォード)
tout
[transitive] tout somebody/something (as something)
to try to persuade people that somebody/something is important or valuable by praising them/it
She's being touted as the next leader of the party.
Their much-touted expansion plans have come to nothing.


WSJは購読者向けですのでFortuneの記事を見ていきます。

Theranos on the Ropes as Scathing Regulatory Report Is Made Public
by Roger Parloff @rparloff APRIL 1, 2016, 6:50 AM EDT

Another punishing article in the Wall Street Journal Thursday evening, revealing the depths of the problems that led federal regulators to cite a Theranos lab for multiple “serious deficiencies” in January, raises the question of how many more setbacks the young blood analytics company can survive.

According to the article, regulators at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services have so far found the company’s plan to fix deficiencies at its Newark, Calif. lab last January “inadequate” and they plan to impose sanctions against Theranos that could range from fines to suspension of their right to test human samples.


WSJの記事はCMSかTheranosからのリークがあったとFortuneはみています。Theranosの機器を導入していたドラッグストアのWalgreensが契約を破棄する可能性にも言及しています。

The 1,400-word Journal article provides a close analysis of a nonpublic, unredacted version of the highly technical, 121-page CMS inspection report. A redacted version of that report was publicly released only minutes before the Journal article came out. To me, the ongoing boldness of the leaks to the Journal suggest a level of outrage about Theranos’s conduct on the part of either CMS officials or among Theranos’s own high-level employees or, again, both.

In any case, even if the CMS gives Theranos another chance, it’s highly unclear whether Walgreens—which hosts 43 of Theranos’s 45 blood collection centers—will be as charitable. (It already suspended the operations of its Theranos’s wellness center in Palo Alto, which had depended on the Newark lab.)




Theranos側のプレスリリースはこんな時でもポジティブ前向きに書かれています。都合の悪い出来事もどのようにしたら前向きな調子で書くことができるかという参考にできるかもしれませんが、Fortuneは手厳しく批判します。

Theranos Statement on CMS 2567 Report
PALO ALTO, CA (March 31, 2016) – Quality and patient safety is our top priority. Theranos submitted a Plan of Correction to CMS and related evidence that addressed how the company has actively ensured that our lab operates at the highest standard. We’ve made mistakes in the past in the Newark, CA lab, but when the company was made aware of the deficiencies we have dedicated every resource to remedy those failures. As part of that comprehensive review and our review of CMS’s survey findings we have taken the following actions:

(中略)

We will continue to work with CMS to ensure every issue has been fixed completely. We recognize the critical role they play in the laboratory industry, and will continue our work to implement best-in-class policies and procedures. Theranos shares the same goal as CMS, which is to provide best quality care to our patients.
This has only made the company stronger and we are better for it today.
Brooke Buchanan
Vice President of Communications
Theranos Inc.


TheranosのstatementへのFortuneの問題の指摘の仕方はオーソドックスな書き方ですね。

There are two main issues for ....
First, ....
Second, ....


There are two main issues for Theranos that are not fully put to rest by its statement, however.
First, part of the problem the CMS seemed to find—the use of proprietary equipment that was not producing results within acceptable levels of precision during proficiency testing—suggests that its proprietary methods may simply not work well enough for certain kinds of tests, or at least that they are still not yet ready for prime time more than two years after the company started offering tests to the public.
Second, the notion that problems of this gravity resulted solely from certain failings of the previous lab crew at Newark is not credible. The lab was also the responsibility of the chief operating officer, Sunny Balwani, who is president of the company. A former Microsoft official and entrepreneur, he comes from a software background, not a lab background, which may be part of the problem.


2年前のFortuneの特集記事を読んでElizabeth Holmesを知って感心しきりだった自分としては今でも彼女を応援したくなりますが、なかなか難しい状況ですね。小保方さんを今でも信じている人って、こんな気持ちなのかもしれないなと変なことを思ってしまいました。
 

世界のリーダーは誰だ

 


雑誌FortuneがThe 50 World's Greatest Leadersを発表しています。アメリカ中心でありますが、大統領候補は一人も選ばなかったと弁明していました。アメリカの政治不信は根深いものがあるようです。

World's Greatest Leaders: Why Donald, Bernie and Hillary Didn't Make the List
by Alan Murray @alansmurray MARCH 24, 2016, 6:30 AM EDT

There are a few pols on our list, but not the next President.
The first thing you’ll notice about our 2016 World’s 50 Greatest Leaders list is that it doesn’t include any of the current candidates for President. That’s not an accident. The U.S. political system is broken, and we see little reason to think the current contenders can fix it.


動画でも最後に触れていますがミュージカルHamiltonのLin-Manuel Mirandaがリーダーとして選ばれているのは新しいですね。彼は最近ニューヨークタイムズに寄稿していましたね。

Lin-Manuel Miranda: Give Puerto Rico Its Chance to Thrive
By LIN-MANUEL MIRANDAMARCH 28, 2016


気になる1位はアマゾンのBezos。記事ではワシントンポストや宇宙関連のBlue Originにも関わっているところを紹介しアマゾンに収まらないスケールでリードしているBezosを描いています。

By Adam Lashinsky
Bezos Prime

Amazon’s CEO has driven his company to all-consuming growth (and even, believe it or not, profits). Today, though, as he deepens his involvement in his media and space ventures, Bezos is becoming a power beyond Amazon. It has forced him to become an even better leader.

80年代社会派ロックで育った者としてはU2のボノが紹介されていたのは嬉しいことです。

By Ellen McGirt
Photograph by Sam Jones
Bono: I Will Follow

Irish rock icon Bono leads a widely acclaimed, data-driven, global organization that influences governments, rallies C-suites, and raises hundreds of millions of dollars for people living in poverty. What’s his secret? An ability to convince others that they are the true leaders of change, not him. Here’s what business can learn from a music legend.

若い頃のU2の歌にかけたタイトルのようですが、ボノが若くて初々しいですね。



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