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自分が読んで興味深く感じた英文記事を中心に取り上げる予定です
Posted at 2013.07.07 Category : 未分類
前の記事でphysicalという表現に触れました。 （英辞郎） get physical
健康診断を受ける
〔恋人同士などが〕肉体関係を結ぶ
〈俗〉怒って荒れる、キレる
記事ではLet’s get physicalという表現がグラフのところで使われていましたが、日本ではCDという「物」が流通している意味と、アイドルとファンが実際にあって「触れ合う」の二つの意味をかけていましたね。たくさんの意味を込めていれば、それだけ味わい深くなるでしょう。 AKBのような販売形態は特殊ですが、音楽販売からライブへという流れは全世界的な流れですよね。古い話ですが、２００７年にマドンナがレコード会社からイベント会社へと契約を変更した事を思い出しました。音楽には大して興味がないので、情報が古いのです（汗） （ウィキペディア） ライブ・ネイション
Live Nation Entertainment
ライブ・ネイション（Live Nation、NYSE: LYV）はアメリカ合衆国カリフォルニア州ビバリーヒルズに本社を構える大手イベントプロモーター会社。
概要
2005年に設立。2007年10月にマドンナがワーナーミュージックから移籍。同年にはジェイ・Zが、また2008年4月にもU2の関連事業を結んだ。所属アーティストはほかにシャキーラ、ニッケルバックが所属している。
2006年にはハウス・オブ・ブルースを買収。
2009年にチケットマスターと統合、2010年にライブ・ネイション・エンターテイメントを設立した。これにより世界57カ国で展開されることになった。
この提案はトルコとノルウェーの当局でも承認された。
日本ではレディー・ガガのThe Born This Way Ball（2012年5月、さいたまスーパーアリーナスタジアムモードで開催）開催を契機に、サマーソニック主催者のクリエイティブマンプロダクションと共同出資でライブ・ネイション・ジャパンを設立した。ちょうどその時の発表資料をサイトで読む事ができます。Madonna has entered into an unprecedented global partnership with Live Nationとunprecedentedという言葉を使ってこの契約の意義を強調していますね。 MADONNA JOINS FORCES WITH LIVE NATION
IN REVOLUTIONARY GLOBAL MUSIC PARTNERSHIP
LOSANGELES,CA–October16,2007 Live Nation's President and Chief Executive Officer, Michael Rapino officially confirmed today that Madonna has entered into an unprecedented global partnership with Live Nation and will become the founding artist in its Artist Nation division.
“The paradigm in the music business has shifted and as an artist and a business woman, I have to move with that shift,” commented Madonna. “For the first time in my career, the way that my music can reach my fans is unlimited. I've never wanted to think in a limited way and with this new partnership, the possibilities are endless. Who knows how my albums will be distributed in the future? That's what's exciting about this deal - everything is possible. Live Nation has offered me a true partnership and after 25 years in the business, I feel that I deserve that.”
“Madonna is a true icon and maverick as an artist and in business,” stated Mr. Rapino. “Our partnership is a defining moment in music history. I am thrilled that Madonna, who is also now a shareholder in our company, has joined with us to create a new business model for our industry. Bringing all the varied elements of Madonna's stunning music career into the Artist Nation and Live Nation family, moves her future and the future of our company into a unique and extraordinary place."
ちょうど最新号の日本語版Wiredが新しい音楽のあり方を特集していました。早速買って読んでみようと思います。 「音楽をつくる」は「曲を売る」ではない：will.i.amが考える新しい音楽のあり方とは？The Black Eyed Peasの首謀者としてポップシーンを牽引してきたwill.i.amは、もはや音楽家／プロデューサーというくくりでは語り切れない存在になっている。インテルのクリエイティヴディレクターを務め、テックカンファレンスを主宰し、先端科学研究所やデジタルスタートアップに投資し、子どもたちにプログラミングを教える学校までも主宰する。音楽のみならずテック業界の最前線でも活躍するスーパースターに訊いた。デジタルテクノロジー革命は音楽をどう変えるのか？
Posted at 2013.07.06 Category : Businessweek
日本が音楽販売世界一のようですね。AKB４８などを紹介しながらCD販売に焦点を当てた記事がBusinessWeekにありました。これがエンタメ雑誌などだったらもっと違った取り上げ方をするでしょうが。。。 CDs Rule Japan's Music Market, Thanks to Girl Groups and Add-OnsBy Mariko Yasu July 03, 2013  この記事に入る前に雑誌版の記事タイトルを確認します。The Land Where CDs Still Riseとなっていました。英文記事の場合、同じ単語を繰り返すのを嫌うためか日本をthe Land where the sun riseとかthe Land of the Rising Sunと言い換えることがあります。中国もMiddle Kingdomと書いていることがあります。文脈でどの国をいっていることが分かるので、なじんでいけばいいことですが、それに合わせて今回のCDが売れている現状を伝えようとしているのですね。ご参考までにthe Land of the Rising Sunの説明しているサイトがありました。 Why Japan is called Land Of The Rising Sun
posted by John Spacey, Japan Talk, August 23, 2012 The real name for Japan (in Japanese) is Nihon (日本) these characters mean "sun origin". This can be loosely translated into English as "land of the rising sun".
Nihon (日本) was the Chinese Imperial name for Japan from the Sui Dynasty (589-618 AD). It simply indicates the direction of Japan with respect to China. If your in China — Japan is to the east. If your in China it also appears that the sun rises from the direction of Japan.
欧米では音楽ダウンロードや購読式のサービスが出ているため、売り上げが減っている中、CDなどの売り上げが80％を占める日本の音楽業界は異常に移りますよね。Youtubeでの音楽動画にも相当神経質になっているのが、この比率かも想像できますね。  CDs Rule Japan's Music Market, Thanks to Girl Groups and Add-OnsBy Mariko Yasu July 03, 2013 Fans such as Tajima helped increase music sales to consumers in Japan by 3 percent last year, to $4.3 billion, surpassing the U.S. to become the world’s biggest market, according to the Recording Industry Association of Japan. Japanese consumer music revenue rose in 2012 for the first time in five years, led by tunes delivered on CDs and other physical media, bucking a trend in the U.S. and other Western markets as cheaper downloads gain ground.
Physical media—preferred by some music companies because they’re less subject to pirating than digital downloads—made up 80 percent of Japanese music sales last year, vs. 34 percent in the U.S., according to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. Japan’s record companies boost sales with add-ons, and revenue gets a further lift from artist-related tchotchkes such as posters, key chains, and tote bags. “Japanese people tend to want to possess goods,” says Shigeto Shoji, a director in the recording association’s planning department. “CD jackets and lyrics add value for domestic consumers.”
Much of Japan’s strength can be attributed to acts such as AKB48とbe attributed to …が使われています。因果関係を説明する場合には便利な表現ですね。 Much of Japan’s strength can be attributed to acts such as AKB48, whose miniskirted members perform in three groups of about 20 each at the 250-seat theater above a discount store in Tokyo’s Akihabara district. Formed in 2005, AKB48 is the nation’s top-selling girl group, spawning three sister acts in Japan and two abroad. Sony (SNE), which has the second-largest share of Japan’s music market, started a rival group called Nogizaka 46 last year to compete with AKB48, a Sony act before leaving in 2008 for King Record. “Sony Music is betting its future to grow this idol group,” Yasushi Akimoto, the lyricist and producer for Nogizaka 46, and producer of AKB48, says on the Nogizaka website.
Behind the success of Japan’s girl groups is “a drastic change in relationships with fans by involving them in the star-making process,” says Hideki Take, a music commentator and disc jockey in Tokyo. After being chosen in amateur auditions, prospective members perform in small theaters where fans vote on who will be featured, à la American Idol. “Unlike most stars selected by executives at recording companies, it’s a fan-centered system,” Take says. “The fans feel they are part of the success.”
米国で発売されている雑誌なので説明する際にAfter being chosen in amateur auditions, prospective members perform in small theaters where fans vote on who will be featured, à la American Idol.とà la American Idol（アメリカンアイドルみたいな）を加えて分かりやすくしようとしています。 AKB48みたいな現象を説明するさいにAKB48’s innovation was not, in a sense, making new music but in creating a new kind of immediacy and new kind of connection to the fan baseとしています。not … but …という基本的な表現が使われていますが、ああいう形をimmediacyという語で表現しています。 Analysts warn that the revival of Japan’s music market could be short-lived. Sales of music delivered on physical media dropped 6 percent in the first five months of 2013 from a year earlier, according to the Recording Industry Association. And the U.S. still accounts for more total music-related revenue when the data include subscription and streaming service fees and licensing for films and ads. “We may appear to be in better shape than other markets, but music companies here aren’t feeling optimistic,” says Yusuke Nakagawa, president of Asobisystem, a talent agency.
The challenge for Japanese music companies is creating fan loyalty elsewhere, says Damian Thong, an analyst at Macquarie Group in Tokyo. AKB48’s backers have launched groups in Shanghai (SNH48) and Jakarta (JKT48) to extend the franchise. “AKB48’s innovation was not, in a sense, making new music but in creating a new kind of immediacy and new kind of connection to the fan base,” Thong says.
AKB48に対して興味がわかない自分としては、AKB48のヒットは世界の音楽業界の流れからますます遅れをとることになっていると感じてしまいます。 この記事でphysicalという言葉がdigitalの対応する語として使われています。CDなどのような「物」を指しているのでしょうが、文脈によっていろいろな意味を持つ語なのでコアなイメージから推測するようにしたいですね。 （英辞郎） get physical
健康診断を受ける
〔恋人同士などが〕肉体関係を結ぶ
〈俗〉怒って荒れる、キレる
Posted at 2013.07.05 Category : Time
ソニーがスマートウォッチを発売したり、アップルがiWatchの商標を出願したりと、次の主戦場は時計になるのでしょうか。 Apple Seeks to Trademark ‘IWatch’ in Japan for Devices
By Naoko Fujimura & Takashi Amano - Jul 2, 2013 5:06 AM GMT+0900 Play Apple Inc (AAPL)., the world’s most valuable technology company, is seeking a trademark for “iWatch” in Japan as rival Samsung Electronics Co. readies its own wearable computing device.
The iPhone maker is seeking protection for the name, which is listed in a category for products such as a handheld computer or watch, according to a June 3 filing with the Japan Patent Office that was made public last week. Takashi Takebayashi, a Tokyo-based spokesman for Apple, didn’t respond to a request for comment.
アップルが日本で「ｉＷａｔｃｈ」の商標出願－特許庁に７月１日（ブルームバーグ）： 米アップル が日本の特許庁に「ｉＷａｔｃｈ（アイウォッチ）」の商標登録を出願していることが明らかになった。特許庁が登録の可否を審査する。
特許庁が６月27日付公報で公表していた。公表された資料によると、商品区分として腕時計などが挙げられている。出願は６月３日付。
すぐに影響されやすい自分はGettysburgの本を買ってしまったのですが（Gettysburgの関連本の多さには驚きました）、当時は標準時が導入されていなかったようです。 Only a Matter of Time
All times given in this book for events on the battlefield are approximate. Clocks in the U.S. were not set to a uniform standard until the 1880s, when railroad companies led the way in establishing standardized time, and the pocket watches carried by military officers might show significantly different times than those used by other officers, both on their side and on the enemy side.
結構有名な話ですが、どこの場所でも時刻が一緒というのはまだまだ新しい考えなのですね。 （ウィキペディア） 標準時の歴史
標準時が導入される以前は、各々の自治体ごとに（もしその町の時計があれば）その町での太陽の位置に合わせて時計を合わせていた。すなわち都市や観測地点ごとに定めた平均太陽時であった。鉄道が敷設される以前はこれで十分に間に合っていたが、鉄道によって人々がそれまでよりも格段に速く広範囲を移動できるようになると、定期的に時計を合わせ直す必要が出てきた。この問題を解決するために、ある地域内で全ての時計に同じ時刻を用いるという「鉄道時間（railway time）」、後に「標準時」、の仕組みがイギリスで生まれた。この共通時刻としては、基準となる地点の平均太陽時を用いた。イギリスではロンドンの王立グリニッジ天文台の時間、すなわちグリニッジ平均時をこれに用いた。各社のスマートウォッチの試みが我々の時間観念を根本的に変えるものとなりうるのか、興味深いところですね。
Posted at 2013.07.03 Category : 未分類
米フェイスブックＣＯＯ「女性に男性同様の称賛を」
ウーマン・サミットで指摘2013/7/2 20:52 講演ダイジェストはこちらから。講演を参加できるなら、彼女のポイントをどれだけ日本流にアレンジしてくるか注目したかったのですが、ダイジェストを見る限り“女のくせに偉そう”という日本語を盛り込んだり、日本語のフリップを出したりと、日本の聴衆向けにアレンジしていて大変好感がもてるものでした。あと、普段早口の彼女ですが、同時通訳も入れているからかゆっくり目に話してくれていますね。英語学習的には非常に助かります。自分もディクテーションをしてみました。彼女に興味のある方はディクテーションに挑戦されてみてはいかがでしょう。だいたい一分間で１２０語のペースで、難易度もそれほどではありませんね。これが聞き取れないのは、スピードや語彙という問題ではないかもしれません。 Words checked = [238]
Words in Oxford 3000™ = [94%]
Japan
accommodate
assertive
caregivers
corporate
leadership
nurture
provider
stereotype
stride
workforce
Lean inを「一歩前へ」と訳されていますが、彼女の主張が伝わりやすい素晴らしいものだと思います。not … untilとifの両方が使われていたので確認します。 We will not achieve the quality in the workforce until we achieve the quality in the home.
We can do this if we lean in together.
(Yutaのざっくり書き取り) Challenges for women in Japan are very different than Challenges for women in the United States. A word we do not use for little boys, here we say “女のくせに偉そう” The stereotype of men is that they lead, they are assertive, they are providers. The stereotype of women is that they are caregivers, and nurtures. The first thing we need to do is address the stereotypes that hold women back. We need to change corporate policies to accommodate women. Let’s start by paying women the same as the men to do the same jobs. We have to make men comfortable working with women and have women, and make women more comfortable working with men. We need to achieve more balance in the home. We will not achieve the quality in the workforce until we achieve the quality in the home. An all over the world we’ve actually made more stride in the workforce than in the home. I believe we can do this. I don’t think it’s easy. I think it’s really hard. But I think the time is right. Economic growth in Japan demands it. Economic growth in the United States demands it I want to ask you how are you going to lean in? Mine says, I think, I did write a book about women and leadership. This is my way of leaning in. We can do this if we lean in together.
Posted at 2013.07.02 Category : New Yorker
 今週のニューヨーカーの表紙は、先週の同性愛者の結婚を指示した最高裁の判決を取り上げています。なぜセサミストリートのバートとアーニーが？と思われた方、下記の記事でThere have long been rumors about the nature of Bert and Ernie’s relationship.とあるように昔から二人の仲は疑われていたようですね。CNNでも報じていたとは（苦笑） Bert and Ernie Cuddle Over Supreme Court Ruling28 June 2013 (NEW YORK) — The New Yorker magazine is celebrating the Supreme Court’s landmark marriage equality decisions by unveiling a cover featuring Sesame Street’s Bert and Ernie.
The cover shows the Sesame Street characters cozily sitting together in front of a TV with Bert’s arm around Ernie, and Ernie leaning on his shoulder. The TV shows an image of the Supreme Court justices in their black robes.
The artist behind next weeks’ cover, called “Moment of Joy,” is Jack Hunter. He originally submitted the unsolicited image to a Tumblr page, according to The New Yorker’s website.
“It’s amazing to witness how attitudes on gay rights have evolved in my lifetime,” Hunter said, as posted on The New Yorker’s website. “This is great for our kids, a moment we can all celebrate.”
There have long been rumors about the nature of Bert and Ernie’s relationship.
When same-sex marriage was legalized in the state of New York in July 2011, an online petition urged the fictional characters to tie the knot.
The petition gained so much buzz that Sesame Street released a statement saying that Bert and Ernie are “best friends.”
“They were created to teach preschoolers that people can be good friends with those who are very different from themselves,” the 2011 statement said. “Even though they are identified as male characters and possess many human traits and characteristics (as most Sesame Street Muppets do), they remain puppets, and do not have a sexual orientation.”
Sesame Street has not yet commented on the New Yorker cover.
Posted at 2013.07.02 Category : 60 minutes
Posted at 2013.07.01 Category : 未分類
前にも書いたことがありますが、日本人はゲティスバーグと聞くとリンカーンの演説をまず思い浮かべますが、あの演説が行われたのは激戦地であったからこそのようです。戦闘は1863年７月１日から３日まで行われたようで、リンカーンの演説は11月19日なので戦闘からある程度たってからのものだったのですね。 重要な戦闘で、今年は150周年にあたり、ヒストリーチャンネルの説明も充実しています。 Gettysburg Battles The Battle of Gettysburg, fought from July 1 to July 3, 1863, is considered the most important engagement of the American Civil War. After a great victory over Union forces at Chancellorsville, General Robert E. Lee marched his Army of Northern Virginia into Pennsylvania in late June 1863. On July 1, the advancing Confederates clashed with the Union's Army of the Potomac, commanded by General George G. Meade, at the crossroads town of Gettysburg. The next day saw even heavier fighting, as the Confederates attacked the Federals on both left and right. On July 3, Lee ordered an attack by fewer than 15,000 troops on the enemy's center at Cemetery Ridge. The assault, known as "Pickett's Charge," managed to pierce the Union lines but eventually failed, at the cost of thousands of rebel casualties, and Lee was forced to withdraw his battered army toward Virginia on July 4.
Gettysburg Battles
Quick FactsRiding high after Chancellorsville, Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia marched into Pennsylvania in June 1863. On July 1, 75,000 rebels clashed with George Meade's Army of the Potomac at the crossroads town of Gettysburg.
The next day saw heavier fighting, as the Confederates attacked the Federals on both left and right.
On July 3, Lee ordered an attack on the Union center by some 15,000 troops led by a division under George Pickett. "Pickett's Charge " pierced the enemy line but faltered, with deadly results.
Meade ordered no counterattack, leaving Lee to withdraw his decimated army late on July 4. A crushing defeat for the Confederacy, the battle helped turn the tide of war toward the Union.
Posted at 2013.07.01 Category : プレスリリース
以下のリストを見て、何のランキングか想像がつくでしょうか。 1 Somalia 2 Congo (D. R.) 3 Sudan 4 South Sudan 5 Chad 6 Yemen 7 Afghanistan 8 Haiti 9 Central African Republic 10 Zimbabwe 11 Iraq 12 Cote d'Ivoire 13 Pakistan 14 Guinea 15 Guinea Bissau 今年も国家としての機能を果たしていない国家をランキングするFailed States Indexが発表されました。We are pleased to present …という発表する表現はTOEIC学習をしている方にはおなじみですね。 The Failed States Index 2013
We are pleased to present the ninth annual Failed States Index. The FSI focuses on the indicators of risk and is based on thousands of articles and reports that are processed by our CAST Software from electronically available sources.
We encourage others to utilize the Failed States Index to develop ideas for promoting greater stability worldwide. We hope the Index will spur conversations, encourage debate, and most of all help guide strategies for sustainable security.
以下の記事ではランク上位の国以外にも、昨年と比べてMost WorsenedとMost Improvedの国を10つずつ挙げてくれています。 Failed States Index 2013:
What Were You Expecting?
Published June 24, 2013
By J. J. Messner
Failed States Index 2013
In compiling the 2013 Failed States Index (FSI), there was some optimism at The Fund for Peace that we would finally see Somalia climb out of first place on the Index after having been firmly anchored in top position for five straight years, especially given the encouraging signs that have been emanating from the country in recent times. It was not to be. Somalia has, for the sixth time in succession, taken top spot in the FSI.
The case of Somalia demonstrates an important facet of recovery from conflict and development. The Fund for Peace’s Nate Haken has noted the political metaphor implicit in the nursery rhyme, Humpty Dumpty, as illustrative of the long- and short-term performance of countries on the FSI: Humpty Dumpty – a fragile egg-based character – had a great fall, leading to a rapid loss of structural integrity – or, in technical parlance, a splattering. Subsequently, despite the best efforts of all the King’s horses and all the King’s men, they were unable to put Humpty back together again.
The Humpty Dumpty principle thus follows that when countries fall significantly, they can do so rapidly and catastrophically and it takes significant resources to reconstruct them. Though it is true that countries can also experience slow declines (as we’ve seen with multiple European countries), there is really only one speed of recovery – slow. Further, such recovery takes significant effort from all manner of actors
ワースト10に入っている国については個別に分析してくれている記事があります。 Failed States Index 2013: The Troubled Ten
Published June 24, 2013
By J. J. Messner & Kendall Lawrence このリストでthe most-improved nationに選ばれたのが日本だったわけです。東日本大震災の影響があり2012年のランキングを大きく落としたのですが、ある程度復旧し、安倍政権による成長戦略も評価されたようです。 On the topic of recovery, the most-improved nation for the 2013 FSI is Japan. After the pummeling it received in 2012 from the effects of the previous year’s earthquake and nuclear meltdown, Japan has rebounded significantly in 2013, though it still has some way to go to return to its pre-earthquake standing. Though it is true that recovery is slow, Japan demonstrates that it is possible for highly resilient countries with legitimate, representative, and professional institutions to recover fairly rapidly from serious shocks. The next most improved country, Iceland, has similarly demonstrated a high level of resiliency, recovering from the economic shocks of previous years.
日本についても個別に記事を書いてくれています。 Most Improved Country for 2013: Japan
Published June 24, 2013
By Sebastian PavlouFailed States Index 2013 Japan continues to recover with relative speed from the triple crisis of earthquake, tsunami and nuclear plant meltdown that devastated the country on March 11, 2011.
After the 9.0 magnitude earthquake and subsequent tsunami tore through the country's north-eastern coastal communities of Miyagi, Iwatu and Fukushima, at least 20,851 people died or remain missing. This figure includes the confirmed number of dead, 15,881, those who are missing, 2,668, and 2,303 others who died from disaster-related issues.
Miyagi, Iwatu and Fukushimaと岩手がIwatuになっています。固有名詞は外国の人にとって難しいですね。安倍政権の三本の矢の成長戦略はthe new, bold three-pronged economic approach of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s administrationと表現されています。 After two years and a $260 million long-term budget funds, almost all of the 27.6 million tons of debris left behind after the crisis has been transported to areas for waste disposal (approx. 75%) or to permanent locations (approx. 20%). Various criticisms have been made concerning how reconstruction funds have been spent as only 10% of permanent housing for the region has been completed. Still, as Patrick Fuller of the Red Cross pointed out, Japan's progress over one year compares to that achieved over three years in places like Indonesia and Sri Lanka after the 2004 tsunami.
Despite this crisis, the Japanese economy is recovering. It has in fact seen growth in this year’s first quarter while Japanese stocks are soaring and the yen has fallen, making the country’s exports highly competitive. Many attribute this to the new, bold three-pronged economic approach of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s administration. The centre-right Prime Minister of Japan, elected in December of 2012, has emphasized monetary and fiscal stimulus with, so far, successful results.
日本の総合順位を見ると結構微妙な位置です。日本人なら、もっと上位であってほしいと思ってしまいますね。 154 Czech Republic 155 Uruguay 156 Japan 157 South Korea 158 Singapore 159 United States 160 United Kingdom = 161 France = 161 Portugal 163 Slovenia 164 Belgium 165 Germany = 166 Austria = 166 Netherlands 168 Canada 169 Australia 170 Ireland 171 Iceland 172 Luxembourg 173 New Zealand 174 Denmark = 175 Switzerland = 175 Norway 177 Sweden 178 Finland そもそもこのインデックスはどんな観点から作られているのか、気になる方は上記の動画や下のリンク先をみていただくと想像がつきやすくなると思います。 The Indicators
The Failed States Index is based on the twelve primary social, economic and political indicators of the CAST methodology, developed by The Fund for Peace:
Demographic Pressures
Refugees and IDPs
Group Grievance
Human Flight
Uneven Development
Poverty and Economic Decline
Legitimacy of the State
Public Services
Human Rights
Security Apparatus
Factionalized Elites
External Intervention
最新号のForeign Policyはこのインデックスを特集しています。国連英検の面接を控えている方はネタを仕入れる感じで購入してもいいかもしれませんね。
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