当社 代表取締役社長 岩田 聡が、平成27年7月11日、胆管腫瘍のため逝去いたしました。 ここに生前のご厚誼に感謝し、謹んでお知らせ申しあげます。 Nintendo Co., Ltd. deeply regrets to announce that President Satoru Iwata passed away on July 11, 2015 due to a bile duct growth.
「悪い情報を伝える」場合 We regret to inform you that this year's event has been canceled due to inclement weather. （申し訳ありませんが、今年のイベントは悪天候のため中止とさせていただきます）
We regret to inform you that your order will be automatically cancelled without prior notification in the event that payment is not received （申し訳ありませんが、お支払いがない場合事前通知なく注文を取り消しさせていただきます）
「できないことを伝える」場合 I regret that I will be unable to attend the original seminar. （申し訳ありませんが、当初のセミナーの出席はできません）
We regret that we are not able to cover the costs of return shipments. （申し訳ありませんが、返送費用は負担できません）
わたしたち任天堂は、「任天堂に関わるすべての人を笑顔にする」ことを目指しています。 At Nintendo, we are striving to achieve our CSR goal of "putting smiles on the faces of everyone Nintendo touches."
2015年のCSRレポート英語版はまだのようですが、こういうのも英語表現の勉強になりますね。
The English version of the CSR Report 2015 and the Q&A will be available soon.
これまでの10年、任天堂は「年齢・性別・ゲーム経験を問わず、誰もが楽しめる商品を提案しゲーム人口を拡大する」という基本戦略のもと、ゲームの定義を拡大することで、ビデオゲームの新たな可能性を追求し、今までビデオゲームに無関心だったお客様にも関心を持っていただくことに注力してきました。そして同時に、娯楽の存在意義とは「世の中の人々を、商品やサービスを通じて笑顔にしていくこと」という信念で事業活動を行ってきました。 During the past decade, we have focused on our basic strategy of expanding the gaming population by offering products that can be enjoyed by everyone regardless of age, gender or gaming experience. By extending the definition of games, we were able to pursue new consumers who were formerly apathetic toward video games. At the same time, we have offered products and services with the belief that the purpose of entertainment is to put smiles on people's faces.
一方で、任天堂を取り巻く環境も時代とともに大きく変化する中、娯楽企業とはそもそも何のために存在するのかということを改めて整理し、娯楽を「人々のQOL～Quality of Life（生活の質）～を楽しく向上させるもの」と新たに定義しました。 However, as the business environment around us has shifted with the times, I also felt that we needed to more closely examine why entertainment companies exist in the first place. We concluded that we needed to redefine entertainment as activities that improve people's "Quality of Life" (QOL) in enjoyable ways.
QOLを向上させるには、我慢が必要だったり、毎日続けなければならなかったりと必ずしも楽しいことばかりではないのが現状ですが、それらに「楽しさ」という娯楽の要素が加わることで継続していただくことのお手伝いができれば、私たちが娯楽ビジネスで培ってきた経験と知見を、より広い事業領域で人々の笑顔につなげることができます。 Activities that improve QOL often require perseverance. They must be done every day and they are not always fun. If we can capitalize on our experience and strength as an entertainment company to make self-improvement enjoyable, we are confident that we will be able to put smiles on consumers' faces in a wider range of business fields.
ビデオゲームをどうすれば楽しく遊び続けてもらえるのか真剣に考えてきた任天堂だからこそできる提案で、生活に笑顔が増えた、生活が充実したという人を一人でも増やし、「関わるすべての人を笑顔にする」という任天堂らしいCSRにつなげたいと思っています。 Nintendo has always focused on what it takes to deliver an enjoyable video game experience to our consumers. This is precisely why our CSR activities are founded on the principle of enriching people's lives and putting smiles on the faces of everyone Nintendo touches.
（オックスフォード） truffle 1 an expensive type of fungus that grows underground, used in cooking 2 a soft round sweet/candy made of chocolate See related entries: Sweets and desserts
Word Origin late 16th cent.: probably via Dutch from obsolete French truffle, perhaps based on Latin tubera, plural of tuber ‘hump, swelling’. Sense (2) dates from the 1920s.
Tired of looking all over the web to find the best gourmet chocolate? Want to find tons of delicious gift ideas all in one place? Head to happytimesgourmetchocolate.com to find great selections of chocolates, cheesecakes and gift baskets. You’ll find all of the products at competitive prices to see more great brands for shopping. （絶品のチョコレーを見つけるのにウェブをいろいろ探し回ってうんざりしていませんか。おいしいお菓子の贈り物のたくさんのアイデアを一箇所で見つけたいと思いませんか。happytimesgourmetchocolate.comにアクセスしてチョコレート、チーズケーキ、詰め合わせの素晴らしい品揃えをご覧ください。あらゆる商品が他に負けない価格であるので、有名ブランドのショッピングをお楽しみください）
We have everything from truffle assortments to black velvet cakes so be sure to check out our entire catalog. Our store is always open and we believe that the customer always comes first. So next time you’re shopping for sweets, get just what you’re looking for, one of the great products from happytimesgourmetchocolate.com, （チョコレート詰め合わせからベルベットケーキまであらゆるものがあるので、カタログ全体をご覧ください。当店はいつでも開いており、お客様第一でやっております。次回スイーツをお買い求めの際はお探しのものが、happytimesgourmetchocolate.comの素晴らしい商品の中から見つかります）
Enclosed are merchandising items to help create excitement in your store: • Go Set a Watchman buttons for store staff or to give to customers • Bookmarks • A poster and easel for in-store displays • A discussion guide for To Kill a Mockingbird (also available at hc.com/gosetawatchman)
NPRのレビューでも酷評されていたので、To Kill a Mockingbirdの習作という位置付けで、To Kill a Mockingbirdと読み比べたりしない限りは特に目を通さなくていいのかもしれません。Yutaは勢いに乗ってAmazonで購入して入手済みですが。。。
そうなるとBusinessweekはライバルのブルームバーグだからカバーストーリーで金儲けに走っているハーパーリーたちとまとめたのかと勘ぐりたくなります。To Kill a Mockingbirdの成功によってこのフレーズはこの作品しか示さなくなってしまったようですが、Businessweekの記事によると南部表現のようです。
When I got to Monroeville, I found the town embroiled in a new squabble. It started in 2012 when Lee applied for a trademark on To Kill a Mockingbird merchandise. The Monroe County Heritage Museum, which sells mockingbird ornaments, T-shirts, and tea towels in its gift shop, opposed the application. “We said it’s a colloquial type of Southern thing, the phrase, ‘It’s a sin to kill a mockingbird,’ and it should not be trademarked,” says Tom Lomenick, president of the museum’s board of directors. Lee sued the museum. They settled out of court. The mockingbird knickknacks are still for sale.
To Kill a Mockingbirdは多くの学校で指定図書になっているせいか、語注などをさまざまなサイトで紹介してくれています。いろいろ参照できそうなので英語学習者としても取り組みやすいかもしれません。
what is the meaning of the title phase "It's a sin to kill a Mockingbird" This is because mockingbirds merely bring beauty and happiness into the world. At one point Miss. Maudie explains, "Mockingbirds don't do one thing but make music for us to enjoy. They don't eat up people's gardens, don't nest in corncribs, they don't do one thing but sing their hearts out for us. That's why it's a sin to kill a mocking bird."
The title refers to innocent people like Tom Robinson and Boo Radley who, like the mockingbird, only wish to bring a little happiness into a harsh world.
さて、WSJの辛口書評でProperly speaking, “Go Set a Watchman” is a practice run for “To Kill a Mockingbird,”と習作にすぎないと書いています。
But the anticipation has somewhat obscured the awkward details about “Go Set a Watchman,” as the novel is called (the title comes from the Book of Isaiah). Although it is set in the mid-1950s, around 20 years after “To Kill a Mockingbird,” it is not a sequel. Ms. Lee, who is now 89, wrote it first, submitted it to a publisher in 1957 and, on an editor’s advice, refashioned it into the book that’s now assigned in grade schools all over the country. Properly speaking, “Go Set a Watchman” is a practice run for “To Kill a Mockingbird,” and it existed before anybody could have known that small-town Alabama lawyer Atticus Finch would become a symbol of the nation’s moral conscience.
A HARPER LEE TIMELINE 1957: Harper Lee submits ‘Go Set a Watchman,’ a novel set in the 1950s featuring Jean Louise ‘Scout’ Finch as an adult. Lee’s editor suggests she write instead about Scout as a girl. The resulting book, ‘To Kill a Mockingbird,’ is set in the 1930s. 1960: ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ is published. 1961: ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ wins the Pulitzer Prize for fiction. 1962: The film of ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ (below) is released. The movie, which wins three Academy awards, stars Gregory Peck as Atticus Finch and Robert Duvall as Boo Radley and has a screenplay by Horton Foote. 2015: HarperCollins announces that the manuscript of ‘Go Set a Watchman’ has been rediscovered. It will be published July 14.
the title comes from the Book of Isaiahとあったので、旧約聖書のイザヤ書でGo Set a Watchmanを調べてみたところ、イザヤ書/ 21章 06節に「わが主はわたしにこう言われた。「さあ、見張りを立てよ。見るところを報告させよ。」とありました。
1:イザヤ書/ 21章 01節 海の荒れ野についての託宣。ネゲブに吹き荒れるつむじ風のように彼は来る／荒れ野から、恐ろしい地から。 The burden of the desert of the sea. As whirlwinds in the south pass through; so it cometh from the desert, from a terrible land.
厳しい幻が、わたしに示された。「欺く者は欺き続け／荒らす者は荒らし続けている。上れ、エラムよ／包囲せよ、メディアよ／わたしは呻きをすべて終わらせる。」 2 A grievous vision is declared unto me; the treacherous dealer dealeth treacherously, and the spoiler spoileth. Go up, O Elam: besiege, O Media; all the sighing thereof have I made to cease.
それゆえ、わたしの腰は激しくもだえ／産婦の痛みのような痛みにとらえられた。わたしは驚きのあまり、聞くこともできず／恐れのあまり、見ることもできない。 3 Therefore are my loins filled with pain: pangs have taken hold upon me, as the pangs of a woman that travaileth: I was bowed down at the hearing of it; I was dismayed at the seeing of it.
わが心は乱れ、おののきが、わたしを打ちのめす。楽しみにしていた夕暮れは／かえって、わたしを恐怖に突き落とした。 4 My heart panted, fearfulness affrighted me: the night of my pleasure hath he turned into fear unto me.
宴は広げられ、座は整えられ／人々は飲み食いしていた。「立て、武将たちよ／盾に、油を塗れ。」 5 Prepare the table, watch in the watchtower, eat, drink: arise, ye princes, and anoint the shield.
わが主はわたしにこう言われた。「さあ、見張りを立てよ。見るところを報告させよ。 6 For thus hath the Lord said unto me, Go, set a watchman, let him declare what he seeth.
彼は見るであろう。二頭立ての戦車を／ろばに乗る者、らくだに乗る者を。耳をそばだてて聞け、油断するな。」 7 And he saw a chariot with a couple of horsemen, a chariot of asses, and a chariot of camels; and he hearkened diligently with much heed:
見張りは叫んだ。「わが主よ、見張り台に／わたしは一日中立ち尽くし／歩哨の部署に／わたしは夜通しついていた。 8 And he cried, A lion: My lord, I stand continually upon the watchtower in the daytime, and I am set in my ward whole nights:
見よ、あそこにやって来た／二頭立ての戦車を駆る者が。」その人は叫んで、言った。「倒れた、倒れた、バビロンが。神々の像はすべて砕かれ、地に落ちた。」 9 And, behold, here cometh a chariot of men, with a couple of horsemen. And he answered and said, Babylon is fallen, is fallen; and all the graven images of her gods he hath broken unto the ground.
打たれ、踏みにじられたわたしの民よ／わたしは、あなたたちに告げた／イスラエルの神、万軍の主から／わたしが聞いたことを。 10 O my threshing, and the corn of my floor: that which I have heard of the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, have I declared unto you.
ドマについての託宣。セイルから、わたしを呼ぶ者がある。「見張りの者よ、今は夜の何どきか／見張りの者よ、夜の何どきなのか。」 11 The burden of Dumah. He calleth to me out of Seir, Watchman, what of the night? Watchman, what of the night?
見張りの者は言った。「夜明けは近づいている、しかしまだ夜なのだ。どうしても尋ねたいならば、尋ねよ／もう一度来るがよい。」 12 The watchman said, The morning cometh, and also the night: if ye will enquire, enquire ye: return, come.
コメント１ "As a Southerner, it is an honor and privilege to give voice to the Southern characters who inspired my childhood love of reading, Scout and Atticus Finch," Witherspoon, 39, said in a statement. "I am eager for readers to be transported to a pivotal time in American history in the manner that only Harper Lee's gorgeous prose can deliver."
コメント２ The actress, who has been tapped to record the audio version of the forthcoming novel, tells Couric she's in awe of Go Set a Watchman, which features Mockingbird's Scout as an adult woman living in New York City in the 1950s.
"It shocked me, as being a modern woman in 2015, reading some of the words. I had to keep reminding myself it was written in the '50s, and these were the complex issues that people of the day were dealing with," she says. "And old attitudes and modern thinking was just evolving about race relations in our country. So I think you will feel all that complexity in the piece."
JOIN THE CELEBRATION PLAN A To Kill a Mockingbird / Go Set a Watchman EVENT HarperCollins is extremely proud to publish Harper Lee’s newly discovered novel Go Set a Watchman on July 14, 2015. Its highly anticipated publication will be a historic literary event. We invite you and your customers to join us in celebrating Harper Lee’s two extraordinary novels this summer. There’s been tremendous renewed interest in To Kill a Mockingbird since our announcement. Your store can be part of it by encouraging your customers to read or reread To Kill a Mockingbird and pre-order Go Set a Watchman.
以下がハリーポッターのように真夜中の発売を勧めている部分です。
Host an Event or Party in Your Store: You can plan an event in your store to celebrate To Kill a Mockingbird and Go Set a Watchman. Organize a “midnight event” on July 13th so your customers can be the first to turn the pages of the newly discovered novel or host an event any time that week to get in on the excitement.
Bring the flavor of Maycomb to your event! • Here are a few ideas for refreshments: • Southern Tea Cakes • Lemonade or Lemonade Sweet Tea • Crackling Bread Biscuits and Butter
Enclosed are merchandising items to help create excitement in your store: • Go Set a Watchman buttons for store staff or to give to customers • Bookmarks • A poster and easel for in-store displays • A discussion guide for To Kill a Mockingbird (also available at hc.com/gosetawatchman)
Promotional Items: • Use the buttons, bookmarks, poster, and easel to help create eye-catching displays. • Make the discussion guide available in-store and link to it from your website or newsletter.
Enclosed are merchandising itemsに関しては、Attached is/areという表現も一緒に確認しておきたいですよね。
Enclosed is a copy of "Are You Ready to Travel?" This brochure will provide you with information you may find useful in preparing for your trip （同封物は「旅の準備はOK?」一部です。このパンフレットは旅の準備に役立つ情報を載せています）
Attached is a copy of our most recent annual report, as you requested. （添付物は最新のアニュアルテポート一部で、要求いただいたものです）
Go Set a Watchmanは動詞goに原形動詞の組み合わせですね。ロングマンはアメリカ英語としています。
（ウィズダム） 〖go and do/｟主に米話｠go do〗(目的を表して)…しに行く (!go to doよりもくだけた言い方; go doはgo and doからandが落ちた形でさらにくだけた言い方)
（ロングマン） go and do something also go do something American English [not in past tenses] to move to a particular place in order to do something: Go wash your hands.
（オックスフォード） go to do something She went to see her sister this weekend. In spoken English go can be used with and plus another verb to show purpose or to tell someone what to do:I'll go and answer the door.Go and get me a drink!The and is sometimes left out:Go ask your mom!
話し言葉とあるように、TOEICでもパート3でのみ登場していました。[I’ll go + 原形動詞]（〜しにいく）という言い回しで覚えてしまうのがいいかもしれません。
I’ve been meaning to post an update to the Web site with the dates - I’ll go do that now. （ウエブサイトに日付を更新しようとしなければと思っていました。これからやります）
If I can put you on hold for a moment, I’ll go talk to the human resources director. （少しお待ちいただけましたら、人事部長と話してまいります）
He's in charge of ordering supplies and he may know where there is more paper. - I'll go talk with him. I already checked the cabinet and I didn't see any more paper. （備品の注文は彼の担当ですから、用紙が余分にある場所を知っているかもしれません。 話しに行きます。キャビネットは確認済みで、用紙はもう見当たりませんでした）
To Kill a Mockingbirdの作者Harper LeeによるGo Set a Watchmanがいよいよ明日発売になります。ニューヨークタイムズでは書評をさっそく載せています。To Kill a Mockingbird未読の人はまずこちらを読んだ方がよさそうな感じです。。。To Kill a Mockingbirdの方はKindleで391円で読むことができます。
In “Mockingbird,” Atticus was a role model for his children, Scout and Jem — their North Star, their hero, the most potent moral force in their lives. In “Watchman,” he becomes the source of grievous pain and disillusionment for the 26-year-old Scout (or Jean Louise, as she’s now known). While written in the third person, “Watchman” reflects a grown-up Scout’s point of view: The novel is the story of how she returns home to Maycomb, Ala., for a visit — from New York City, where she has been living — and tries to grapple with her dismaying realization that Atticus and her longtime boyfriend, Henry Clinton, both have abhorrent views on race and segregation. Though “Watchman” is being published for the first time now, it was essentially an early version of “Mockingbird.” According to news accounts, “Watchman” was submitted to publishers in the summer of 1957; after her editor asked for a rewrite focusing on Scout’s girlhood two decades earlier, Ms. Lee spent some two years reworking the story, which became “Mockingbird.”
To Kill a Mockingbirdというタイトルにかけて、To sell a Mockingbird sequelというカバーストーリーを載せたのはBusiness Week。木の葉っぱがドル紙幣になっていて金の亡者になってしまったことをにおわせています。
Monroeville is 100 miles from Montgomery, 160 miles from Birmingham, and several bars short of good cell phone reception. And yet every year about 30,000 people travel from all over the world to walk its streets, climb its old courthouse steps, and experience the real-life version of the town called Maycomb in To Kill a Mockingbird. This literary legacy has allowed Monroeville to avoid the grim fate of other dusty towns where manufacturing jobs have vanished. Everything here panders to tourists: There’s the Mockingbird Inn & Suites, Radley’s Fountain Grille (named after the character Boo Radley), and Lee Motor Co., with a mockingbird painted on its white brick wall.
ニューヨークタイムズの書評によるとGo Set a Watchmanは編集者にリライトを要求される前のTo Kill a Mockingbirdのようで人種差別的な内容のようです。なぜ今？しかも、評価が上がらないというのをわかっていながら？と疑問が残ります。Businessweekが報じた今回の動きと合わせるとむしろ彼女の本性はこちらに近いのかもしれない、作られた偶像的な部分ではなく本音をさらしてこの世を去りたいのかとワイドショー的な感想を持ってしまいました。
さて、まず気になるのは英語で「軍艦島」をどう説明しているかというところ。下記の観光案内の記事ではHashima Island, also known as Gunkanjima (meaning "Battleship Island" for its silhouette that resembles a warship)としています。
The deserted island that inspired a Bond villain Nicknamed Battleship Island, this creepy spot welcomes tourists and movie badasses By CNN Travel staff 15 November, 2012 Hashima Island, also known as Gunkanjima (meaning "Battleship Island" for its silhouette that resembles a warship) is a 60,000-square-meter cluster of concrete ruins in the sea off Nagasaki, Japan. It was the bustling home of thousands of coal mine workers in the 1950s and was shut down in 1974. The island has been abandoned since. Until pop culture and, most recently, a 007 film re-discovered it.
次の短めの記事ではNicknamed Gunkanjima, or Battleship Island, because of its shape, Hashima islandとbecause of its shapeの一言で済ませています。
Nicknamed Gunkanjima, or Battleship Island, because of its shape, Hashima island has an eerie, sinister look, perfect for, say, a villain's lair in an action movie. The inspiration for villain Raoul Silva's deserted hideout in the James Bond movie "Skyfall," the island figures in one of the most dramatic shots of the film. Its industrial ruins loom slowly into view as Bond and yet another ill-fated Bond girl speed toward the island in a luxury boat. In real life, a trip to the island is less dramatic. In 2009, tour operators began offering trips from Nagasaki to Hashima.
Dark history: A visit to Japan's creepiest islandというタイトルがつけられているように、中国人・韓国人の強制労働にも触れています。観光ツアーではこのあたりはまったく触れていませんでしたね。。。
Kobata also talks about the darker side of Hashima's past. Before and during World War II, Hashima, like many industrial sites in Japan, was a location for forced labor. Korean and Chinese prisoners of war were kept here, enduring varying degrees of hardship. Conditions in the mines were grueling. Workers were subjected to heat and humidity with very little to eat and beatings if they slacked. According to local records, 123 Koreans and 15 Chinese died on the island between 1925 and 1945. Hashima is one of several industrial sites awaiting inclusion on UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites. South Korea, however, has formally objected to the island's petition for recognition due to its association with wartime slave laborers.
The period of Kaji's childhood was also the darkest in Hashima's history. Like many of imperial Japan's industrial facilities, Hashima was a destination for hundreds of Korean forced laborers. During World War II, Chinese prisoners of war joined their ranks. For them, Hashima was a desperate place. In the peace museum at Nagasaki, testimonies from Korean forced laborers line the walls, collated by museum director Yasunori Takazane. "The common stories I heard from Korean and Chinese laborers was that they are enormously hungry. The meals were miserable and when they could not go to work they were tortured, punched and kicked." Kaji's best friend at school was Korean. He says he didn't see much discrimination against Koreans but he remembers his parents talking about one episode when a Korean worker was beaten. "My father and mother were saying how sorry they were but my Dad said it was inevitable because it is wartime." He remembers resenting the Chinese as a child because they were "locked up in the southern part of the island, right where we used to play baseball. We were so upset they took our place to play, but after the war ended I learned they were forced to work there."
（オックスフォード） autonomous 1.(of a country, a region or an organization) able to govern itself or control its own affairs synonym independent an autonomous republic/state/province a federation of autonomous groups 2.(of a person) able to do things and make decisions without help from anyone else Teachers aim to help children become autonomous learners.
かろうじてマクミランがOpen Dictionaryで紹介していまいた。
（マクミラン） driverless ADJECTIVE Contribute to our Open Dictionary or autonomous
From our crowdsourced Open Dictionary describes a vehicle that takes charge of steering, accelerating, indicating and braking during most if not all of a journey between two points In California alone, Google's driverless car has done more than 300,000 miles on the open road. Submitted from United Kingdom on 01/08/2014
(Wikipedia) An autonomous car,[1] also known as a driverless car,[2] self-driving car[3] and robotic car,[4] is an automated or autonomous vehicle capable of fulfilling the main transportation capabilities of a traditional car. As an autonomous vehicle, it is capable of sensing its environment and navigating without human input. Robotic cars exist mainly as prototypes and demonstration systems. As of 2014, the only self-driving vehicles that are commercially available are open-air shuttles for pedestrian zones that operate at 12.5 miles per hour (20.1 km/h).[5]
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An autonomous robot is a robot that performs behaviours or tasks with a high degree of autonomy, which is particularly desirable in fields such as space exploration, household maintenance (such as cleaning), waste water treatment and delivering goods and services.
In his 1942 short story 'Runaround', science-fiction writer Isaac Asimov introduced the Three Laws of Robotics — engineering safeguards and built-in ethical principles that he would go on to use in dozens of stories and novels. They were: 1) A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm; 2) A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law; and 3) A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Laws.
Fittingly, 'Runaround' is set in 2015. Real-life roboticists are citing Asimov's laws a lot these days: their creations are becoming autonomous enough to need that kind of guidance. In May, a panel talk on driverless cars at the Brookings Institution, a think tank in Washington DC, turned into a discussion about how autonomous vehicles would behave in a crisis. What if a vehicle's efforts to save its own passengers by, say, slamming on the brakes risked a pile-up with the vehicles behind it? Or what if an autonomous car swerved to avoid a child, but risked hitting someone else nearby?
“We see more and more autonomous or automated systems in our daily life,” said panel participant Karl-Josef Kuhn, an engineer with Siemens in Munich, Germany. But, he asked, how can researchers equip a robot to react when it is “making the decision between two bad choices”?
13分40秒あたりから Siri, quick, I need your help. There’s a runaway railway trolley about to kill five innocent people on the track. But there’s a lever here to divert the train saving their lives but killing one innocent bystander. Or I can just put this guy. Hey, what should I do? I’m not sure I understand. （Siri。急いで、助けてほしい。暴走したトロッコが線路上の５人を巻き添えにしようとしている。でもここにポイントがあって進路を転換して５人を助けることができるけど無関係な傍観者を一人犠牲にしてしまう。それが、この男性を線路に押し出すこともできる。どうすべきだろうか。 理解できません。） Now don’t worry. No one actually just died. But the point still stands as the computers find it difficult to negotiate complex questions like that famous ethical thought experiment, trolley problem. （ご心配なく。誰も無くなっていません。それでも問題点は残ったままです。コンピュータは複雑な問題に対応するのが難しいのです。今回のような有名な倫理の思考実験である、トローリー問題に対しては）
One of these is illustrated by the trolley problem, in which you imagine a runaway railway trolley is about to kill five innocent people who are on the tracks. You can save them only if you pull a lever that diverts the train onto another track, where it will hit and kill an innocent bystander. What do you do? In another set-up, the only way to stop the trolley is to push the bystander onto the tracks.
People often answer that it is all right to stop the trolley by hitting the lever, but viscerally reject the idea of pushing the bystander. The basic intuition, known to philosophers as the doctrine of double effect, is that deliberately inflicting harm is wrong, even if it leads to good. However, inflicting harm might be acceptable if it is not deliberate, but simply a consequence of doing good — as when the bystander simply happens to be on the tracks.
This is a very difficult line of analysis for a decision-making program. To begin with, the program must be able to see two different futures: one in which a trolley kills five people, and another in which it hits one. The program must then ask whether the action required to save the five is impermissible because it causes harm, or permissible because the harm is only a side effect of causing good.
To find out, the program must be able to tell what would happen if it chose not to push the bystander or pull the lever — to account for counterfactuals. “It would be as if a program was constantly debugging itself,” says Pereira — “finding where in a line of code something could be changed, and predicting what the outcome of the change would be.” Pereira and Ari Saptawijaya, a computer scientist at the University of Indonesia in Depok, have written a logic program4 that can successfully make a decision based on the doctrine of double effect, as well as the more sophisticated doctrine of triple effect, which takes into account whether the harm caused is the intended result of the action, or simply necessary to it.
The copy machine at the top of the stairs has now been serviced. （最上階のコピー機は現在点検中です）
（オックスフォード） service 1. [vehicle/machine] [usually passive] service something to examine a vehicle or machine and repair it if necessary so that it continues to work correctly We need to have the car serviced. Make sure your boiler is serviced regularly.
2. [provide something] service something/somebody to provide people with something they need, such as shops/stores, or a transport system synonym serve Botley is well serviced by a regular bus route into Oxford. This department services the international sales force (= provides services for it).
Again, thank you for your patronage. We hope to serve you again in the future. （改めてご利用ありがとうございます。またのご利用をお待ちしております）
So that we can serve you better in the future, please state the reason for your return. （今後よりよいサービスを提供するためにも、返品理由を記載ください。）
（英辞郎） To help us serve you better, we would be grateful if you could complete this survey and send it back to us. 《レ》よりよいサービスを提供するためにも、このアンケートにお答えいただき弊社までお送りいただけると大変助かります。
Any information you can provide us will allow us to serve you better. 《レ》このアンケートで頂くどのような情報も、より良いサービスをお客様に提供するために活用させていただきます。
Please excuse us while we work on improving our property to serve you better. 《掲示》敷地内の改善のためご迷惑をお掛け致しております。
TOEICの場合ホテル予約ぐらいまでしか出題されることはないので、reserve a roomを押さえておけばいいでしょう。今回のようなservice a roomが出るとしたら以下のような苦情のケースかもしれません。
（宿泊客からのコメント抜粋） Cons: - In ordering coffee/wine - it takes a few attempts to get through to anyone. I called reception in the end... - Rooms may not get cleaned during the day - I had to turn housekeeping down as I had returned to my room already
In a nutshell, it’s an interesting hotel with Art Deco charm. It has more character than a contemporary 5star. My hiccups with Room Service and Housekeeping may have been just bad timing. The buffet breakfast spread is all worth it if you love a big breakfast!!!
（ホテル関係者からの返答） Thank you for posting about your overall positive experience.
Please accept my apologies for any difficulty you experienced in placing a room service order. Your comments will no doubt assist us to further improve in this area.
Rooms are serviced at different times of the day according to various demand factors in the hotel operation and according to the needs of different guests. Please feel free to utilise the "Please Service My Room" sign on your door or inform any of our staff so that we can service your room at the time that best suits your needs.
Thank you for your valuable feedback and I look forward to welcoming you back again soon.
（ウィズダム） power «…に対する» (政治的)権力, 勢力, 支配力 «over» ; 権力の座, 権力ある地位 ▸ be in power 権力の座にある ▸ come to [into] power 政権に就く ▸ come [get] back to power 権力の座に返り咲く ▸ take [seize] (the reins of) power 政権を掌握する
The LA Power 25 How do you even define power in a place as decentralized and diffuse as Los Angeles? While culling this subjective list, we defined power as: for whom do you drop everything the moment their name flashes on your phone? Yes, I can see you’re in labor, but Casey Wasserman just called! But it is also more than that. These are the kings and kingmakers—and during the campaign fundraising season, the president-electors—who call Los Angeles home. (At least, primarily.) These are the people who shape what it is we watch and listen to, what we stream and tweet about, as well as what we wear, where we want to go, and what we talk about when we get there. We’ve got art benefactors, politicians, sports and real estate moguls, fundraisers and technological visionaries. Their selfies can alter a stock’s future. Their kind request for a donation can forever change the fate of a candidate or a charity. And if they can’t fix your problem, they know someone who can. Meet the Observer’s LA Power 25.
ブラッドピット・アンジェリーナジョリー夫妻の紹介は以下です。
Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie Hollywood royalty Everyone in Hollywood is looking to buy stock in Jolie-Pitt Inc. How else to explain Netflix investing $60 million for War Machine, the Pitt-produced-and-starring black comedy based on The Operators, the late Michael Hastings’ book on the Afghanistan war? A producer on 12 Years a Slave and exec producer on Selma, the World War Z star, currently filming Adam McKay’s Wall Street expose The Big Short, is parlaying box office clout to make the most politically charged films Hollywood has seen in decades. His wife and By The Sea director, writer and co-star meanwhile is busy saving the world, continuing her UN work by addressing the African Union Summit and using her personal story to further the national conversation of breast cancer prevention. Things are moving forward on Maleficent 2, as well as her planned film about the ivory trade in the 1980s, and she is rumored to be on Marvel’s wish list as a director for Captain Marvel.
（オックスフォード） electricity 13 [uncountable] the public supply of electricity They switched off the power. a power failure
（ロングマン） 6 energy [uncountable] energy that can be used to make a machine work or to make electricity nuclear/wind/solar etc power Many people are opposed to the use of nuclear power. the search for renewable sources of power under power The ship was able to leave port under its own power (=without help from another machine, ship etc).
（ケンブリッジ・ビジネス） [U] energy that is produced and used to make things work: The agency is running a campaign to try and turn public opinion in favour of nuclear power. The energy regulator agreed that power companies could make customers sign long-term agreements. a power cut/failure/outage A power outage in Quebec left 6 million people in the dark.
The lead package in our July/August issue is all about robots, and automation and artificial intelligence. For the cover, we wanted to do something really fun and playful. So our first thought was to take some great art works from the Western cannon to swap out people for robots. A classic Norman Rockwell’s Thanksgiving meal scene. The Sistine Chapel ceiling with Adam replaced by a robot.
We tried those and they were fun. But what we really fell in love with was the recreation of the famous scene from Act V of Hamlet, in which Hamlet is standing in a graveyard, examining a skull and, or pining our mortality in life. Alas, poor Yorick! I knew him, Horatio: a fellow of infinite jest, of most excellent fancy And that’s the cover of July/August issue.
さらにもうちょっと先,同じ場なんですけども,5幕1場189-199,道化1が “this (Yorick’s)skull has lain in the earth three and twenty-years.”この頭蓋骨は,これはヨリックのものとあとでわかりますが,二十三年ほど土の中に埋まっていた,といういい方です。 「この頭蓋骨は二十三年間ここに埋まってたやつだ」。ハムレットが,「誰のだ?」というと, 「とんでもない野郎,ヨリックって野郎だ,王様の道化だった男の頭蓋骨だ。」と。ハムレット が,「これが?」道化 1が「そうよ。」でハムレットが,「ちょっと見せてくれ。」といって頭蓋 骨を受け取る。これは有名な場面で,よくハムレットの絵とか写真とかになっている。あるい はストラトフォード・アポン・エイヴォンに行くと,ロイヤル・シェイクスピア・シアターの前にシェイクスピアの像を囲む四つの像がある。そのうちのハムレットは頭蓋骨を持っている。これがヨリックの頭蓋骨ですね。 そこでハムレットはこういいます。「あわれなものだな,ヨリックよく知っていた男だ, ホレーシオ。気のきいた洒落や冗談をのべつ吐き散らしたやつだった,何度となくおぶってもらったものだが,こうなってみると云々」
They're examining a document. A woman is examining a hat. They're examining some laboratory equipment.
（オックスフォード） examine to look at somebody/something closely, to see if there is anything wrong or to find the cause of a problem examine somebody/something The doctor examined her but could find nothing wrong. examine something/somebody for something The goods were examined for damage on arrival.
Ms. Ito was asked to examine the latest data on population growth in Dauphin county.
（ケンブリッジビジネス） examine to check or study something carefully, especially to prove an idea, learn new information, or discover possible problems: thoroughly/closely/carefully examine sth The company’s financial statements will then be thoroughly examined by an independent auditor. be examined by sb Before filing your tax return you may wish to have it examined by a certified tax specialist.
HAMLET Let me see. Takes the skull Alas, poor Yorick! I knew him, Horatio: a fellow of infinite jest, of most excellent fancy: he hath borne me on his back a thousand times; and now, how abhorred in my imagination it is! my gorge rises at it. Here hung those lips that I have kissed I know not how oft. Where be your gibes now? your gambols? your songs? your flashes of merriment, that were wont to set the table on a roar? Not one now, to mock your own grinning? quite chap-fallen? Now get you to my lady's chamber, and tell her, let her paint an inch thick, to this favour she must come; make her laugh at that. Prithee, Horatio, tell me one thing.
(Wikipedia) Bockscar, sometimes called Bock's Car, is the name of the United States Army Air Forces B-29 bomber that dropped a Fat Man nuclear weapon over the Japanese city of Nagasaki during World War II in the second – and last – nuclear attack in history. One of 15 Silverplate B-29s used by the 509th, Bockscar was built at the Glenn L. Martin Aircraft Plant at Bellevue, Nebraska, at what is now Offutt Air Force Base, and delivered to the United States Army Air Forces on 19 March 1945. It was assigned to the 393d Bombardment Squadron, 509th Composite Group to Wendover Army Air Field, Utah in April.
By August 1945, U.S. Navy submarines and aerial mining by the Army Air Forces severely restricted Japanese shipping. The AAF controlled the skies over Japan and the AAF's B-29 bombing attacks crippled its war industry. A plan for the invasion of Japan had been drawn up; Operation Olympic was scheduled for November 1945. Estimates of Allied casualties ranged from 250,000 to a million with much greater losses to the Japanese. To repel invaders, Japan had a veteran army of some two million ready, an army that had already shown its ferocity and fanaticism in combat. Some 8,000 military aircraft were available that could be used for devastating Kamikaze (suicide) attacks on U.S. ships. The draft had been extended to include men from age 15 to 60 and women from 17 to 45, adding millions of civilians ready to defend their homeland to the death, with sharpened sticks if necessary.
Experience throughout the Pacific war had shown that Japanese combat casualties had run from five to 20 times those suffered by the Allies, particularly in the battles of the Philippines and Okinawa. Whatever the predicted Allied losses, the potential Japanese military and civilian casualties would have been staggering. Whether Japan would have surrendered prior to invasion without the use of the atomic bombs is a question that can never be answered. Using the history and projections available to him, President Harry Truman made the grave decision to use the atomic bomb in an effort to end the war quickly, thus avoiding a costly invasion.
As Max Hastings wrote in his most recent book, All Hell Let Loose, “if Japan’s leaders had bowed to logic, as well as to the welfare of their own people, by quitting the war, the atomic bombs would not have been dropped”.
Hiroshima and Nagasaki: the reckoning Two studies, by Paul Ham and Craig Collie, based on interviews with survivors, reject the received wisdom that bombing Hiroshima and Nagasaki was necessary to end the war, says Dan Jones. By Dan Jones 7:30AM BST 13 Aug 2012
But did the means – 180,000 total dead and wounded on the days that the bombs were dropped and tens of thousands more later as a result of radiation poisoning – justify the end of bringing the Second World War to a close? Was it necessary, indeed, to drop the bombs at all? These are the questions at the heart of Hiroshima Nagasaki by Paul Ham, and (to a somewhat lesser extent) Nagasaki by Craig Collie.
The conventional (which is to say the American) view of the atomic bombings in 1945 has been to regard them as a regrettable but successful expedient taken to finally subdue a suicidally stubborn and belligerent Japan, whose rulers would not accept that the baleful condition of their country made defeat inevitable – or, if they did, preferred national seppuku to the shame of surrender.
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Given Japanese pig-headedness, it is easy to make a retrospective justification for Little Boy and Fat Man. As Max Hastings wrote in his most recent book, All Hell Let Loose, “if Japan’s leaders had bowed to logic, as well as to the welfare of their own people, by quitting the war, the atomic bombs would not have been dropped”. That is undoubtedly so. Nevertheless, Ham argues, it was not quite that simple.
(Wikipedia) Operation Ketsugō Meanwhile, the Japanese had their own plans. Initially, they were concerned about an invasion during the summer of 1945. However, the Battle of Okinawa went on for so long that they concluded the Allies would not be able to launch another operation before the typhoon season, during which the weather would be too risky for amphibious operations. Japanese intelligence predicted fairly closely where the invasion would take place: southern Kyūshū at Miyazaki, Ariake Bay, and/or the Satsuma Peninsula.[20]
While Japan no longer had a realistic prospect of winning the war, Japan's leaders believed they could make the cost of conquering Japan too high for the Allies to accept, which would lead to some sort of armistice rather than total defeat. The Japanese plan for defeating the invasion was called Operation Ketsugō (決号作戦 ketsugō sakusen?) ("Operation Codename Decisive"). The Japanese were secretly constructing an underground headquarters in Matsushiro, Nagano Prefecture, which could be used in the event of Allied invasion to shelter the Emperor and the Imperial General Staff.
The Sanno Shrine: The one-legged arc that survived the atomic bomb in Nagasaki
The Sannō Shrine, located about 800 meters southeast of the atomic bomb hypocenter in Nagasaki, is noted for its one-legged stone torii at the shrine entrance.
The well known one-legged torii (or arch) was one of the unanticipated results of the atomic bomb blast on August 9, 1945. One support column was knocked down, but the other somehow remained standing, even though it was rotated about 30 degrees on its pedestal base.
The surviving trees of Sannō Shrine are another living demonstration of destruction and regrowth. Two large camphor trees were scorched, burned and stripped of all leaves by the bomb's shock wave, and yet, despite everything, the trees survived. One tree in Nagasaki was designated a natural monument on February 15, 1969. The dead parts of the living trees have been enveloped by new growth.
The entire neighborhood was reduced to rubble by the explosion of the atomic bomb, but this gate, although located very close to the hypocenter, miraculously managed to resist the fierce blast and remain standing on one leg as though speaking silently about the horror of that day in 1945.
24:ヨハネによる福音書/ 20章 24節 十二人の一人でディディモと呼ばれるトマスは、イエスが来られたとき、彼らと一緒にいなかった。 24 But Thomas, one of the twelve, called Didymus, was not with them when Jesus came.
そこで、ほかの弟子たちが、「わたしたちは主を見た」と言うと、トマスは言った。「あの方の手に釘の跡を見、この指を釘跡に入れてみなければ、また、この手をそのわき腹に入れてみなければ、わたしは決して信じない。」 25 The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the Lord. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe.
さて八日の後、弟子たちはまた家の中におり、トマスも一緒にいた。戸にはみな鍵がかけてあったのに、イエスが来て真ん中に立ち、「あなたがたに平和があるように」と言われた。 26 And after eight days again his disciples were within, and Thomas with them: then came Jesus, the doors being shut, and stood in the midst, and said, Peace be unto you.
それから、トマスに言われた。「あなたの指をここに当てて、わたしの手を見なさい。また、あなたの手を伸ばし、わたしのわき腹に入れなさい。信じない者ではなく、信じる者になりなさい。」 27 Then saith he to Thomas, Reach hither thy finger, and behold my hands; and reach hither thy hand, and thrust it into my side: and be not faithless, but believing.
トマスは答えて、「わたしの主、わたしの神よ」と言った。 28 And Thomas answered and said unto him, My Lord and my God.
イエスはトマスに言われた。「わたしを見たから信じたのか。見ないのに信じる人は、幸いである。」 29 Jesus saith unto him, Thomas, because thou hast seen me, thou hast believed: blessed are they that have not seen, and yet have believed.
たまたま南船橋を通りかかったときにIKEAを見たところ、home furnishingsとありました。Furnitureよりもカバーする範囲が広いようですね。韓国公式vol5にもPerelman Furnishingsが登場していました。求人広告や職務内容でmust be able to lift heavy items and use tools for moving and assemblyと具体的に明記するところに慣れておきたいですね。
（ケンブリッジビジネス） furnishings the furniture and decorations in a room: the home furnishings market a store selling soft furnishings
home furnishings products used for decorating the home, such as furniture, carpets, etc.: The home furnishings market continues to suffer during the recession. the Swedish home furnishings store, Ikea
soft furnishingsというのは英国の表現のようなので、TOEICには出そうもないです。
（オックスフォード） soft furnishings [plural](British English) cushions, curtains and other things made from cloth that are found in a house
Source Office Furniture Source Office Furnishings, Canada, offers a full line of office furniture solutions throughout British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Ontario. Visit our expansive showrooms to see and touch the latest in quality furniture for your office, always offered at affordable prices. Our in-store, knowledgeable space planning specialists will create office space solutions to meet your vision and your budget.
Definition of furnished adjective from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
（オックスフォード） furnished (of a house, room, etc.) containing furniture furnished accommodation (= to rent complete with furniture) The house was simply furnished.
His rooms were comfortably furnished. The apartment is fully furnished. The villa was expensively furnished throughout. a simply furnished room
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unfurnished without furniture We rented an unfurnished apartment. opposite furnished
For decades, researchers have been trying to quantify the risks of very low doses of ionizing radiation — the kind that might be received from a medical scan, or from living within a few tens of kilometres of the damaged Fukushima nuclear reactors in Japan. So small are the effects on health — if they exist at all — that they seem barely possible to detect. A landmark international study has now provided the strongest support yet for the idea that long-term exposure to low-dose radiation increases the risk of leukaemia, although the rise is only minuscule (K. Leuraud et al. Lancet Haematol. http://doi.org/5s4; 2015).
The finding will not change existing guidelines on exposure limits for workers in the nuclear and medical industries, because those policies already assume that each additional exposure to low-dose radiation brings with it a slight increase in risk of cancer. But it scuppers the popular idea that there might be a threshold dose below which radiation is harmless — and provides scientists with some hard numbers to quantify the risks of everyday exposures.
Although the European Commission has been funding research on low-dose radiation for some time, equivalent programmes in the United States have stalled. In 2013, scientists wrote an open letter to the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy calling for renewed investment, and a bill is currently being debated in Congress calling for more work.
Low-dose radiation exposure slightly increases leukemia risk: study KYODO An international cancer research study has shown that low-dose radiation exposure over a long period slightly increases the risk of developing leukemia. The study, funded in part by Japan’s health ministry, was reported in British medical journal The Lancet Haematology by a team of researchers, including from the Lyon, France-based International Agency for Research on Cancer.
この論文は医学雑誌のLancetに発表されたものでOpen Accessになっています。FundingとAcknowledmentsのところでthe Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japanが登場しています。
Funding Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, AREVA, Electricité de France, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, US Department of Energy, US Department of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina, Public Health England.
******* Acknowledgments This work was partly funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (5R03 0H010056-02) and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan (GA No 2012-02-21-01) . The construction of the French cohort was realised by the Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, with partial funding from AREVA and Electricité de France. The Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire thanks all people from the French Atomic Energy Commission, AREVA, and Electricité de France who cooperated in the elaboration of the French cohort. For the US contribution, funding was provided by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, by the US Department of Energy through an agreement with the US Department of Health and Human Services, and through a grant received by the University of North Carolina from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (R03 OH-010056). The construction of the UK cohort was undertaken by Public Health England who operate the UK's National Registry for Radiation Workers. Public Health England thank all of the organisations and individuals participating in the National Registry for Radiation Workers for their cooperation, and the National Registry for Radiation Workers steering group for their continued support. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
否定形の疑問文 (1) 否定の意味で尋ねる （略） (2) 意外な気持ちを表す また、当然そうだと思っていたのに「違うの？」と、驚きや意外な気持ちを表現するときに否定疑問文を用いることもできる。 Don’t you know this? （あなたはこれを知らないのですか） この疑問文は、「当然知っているはずなのに」という気持ちを表していると考えることができる。 (3) 相手に確認する場合 (2)のように、自分が思っていることを相手にもそうだと思わせたいような場合でも否定疑問文は用いられる。この場合、付加疑問を使った文と同じような意味合いになる。 Don’t you like my new swimsuit? （私の新しい水着はどう？） ［「いいでしょう？」と相手に確認している］
※「猿が手を持つ」 "The Ape has hands" 当時の中学校用英語の教科書として用いられた"The First Reader of the School and Family Series"（Marcius Willson）、"The English Reader for Japanese Scholars 第一巻"（Ｊ．Kuruta 来田丈太郎）には、"The Ape has hands"の一文が最初の英語文として示されており、当時の中学生が最初に習う英語文としてよく知られていたものと思われる。今で言う"This is a pen"のようなものか。
（オックスフォード） Robert Clive (1725-74) an English soldier and administrator (= a person who manages government or business affairs). He is also known as 'Clive of India' because he played a major part in making India part of the British Empire. While working for the East India Company, he fought against the French and broke their power in India. Then at the battle of Plassey (1757) Clive defeated the ruler of the Indian state of Bengal and replaced him with a ruler who allowed the British to govern Bengal through him. This was the beginning of a system that later spread through most of India.
（Wikipedia） Robert Clive Major-General Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, KB MP FRS (29 September 1725 – 22 November 1774), also known as Clive of India, was a British officer and soldier of fortune who established the military and political supremacy of the East India Company in Bengal. He is credited with securing India, and the wealth that followed, for the British crown. Together with Warren Hastings he was one of the key early figures in the creation of British India. He also sat for two boroughs as a Tory Member of Parliament in Great Britain. Recent historians have credited him for atrocities and the subsequent pillage of treasures that occurred in Bengal and India due to high taxation laws he instituted and forced cultivation of crops such as opium resulting in famines.
SKYLIGHT, Best Revival of a Play: Producer Scott Rudin: Thank you everyone for this, it's a wonderful honor. I wouldn't be standing here without Bill Nigh, Kerry Mulligan and Matthew Beard who are right here. There's no show without them, they are remarkable. We have a wonderful group of partners who have been with us on many shows and I'm very grateful to them. This show in particular is the by-product of a 25 year 4-way friendship between myself, my partner Robert Fox, Stephen Daldry and David Hair, and we've worked together so many times on so many shows, and for me, producing plays in this city has always started with the plays of David Hair - I hope I'm lucky enough that they will finish with the plays of David Hair - I am incredibly grateful for him. This is his first play to win a Tony and I'm very exited for him and grateful to him that he's allowed us to produce so many plays and films for us of his. I also want to thank 4 people who are not here: Fiona Goldfar, Nicole Fare, Lucy Sexton, and my partner John Barlow. They are the reason that the four of us were able to do this production together, so I thank them and I thank you very much."
Thank you everyone for this, it's a wonderful honor. I wouldn't be standing here without Bill Nigh, Kerry Mulligan and Matthew Beard who are right here. There's no show without them, they are remarkable. 皆様この賞をありがとうございます。大変な光栄です。ここにいるBill Nigh, Kerry Mulligan, Matthew Beardなしではここに立つことはなかったでしょう。彼らなしでこの舞台はありえないのです。素晴らしい人たちです。
以前も取り上げたことがありますが公式問題集でもお礼を述べる表現で以下のように使われています。
We couldn’t have done any of this without the dedication of Mr. Koji Aoki, who led the team of engineers. （これらのどれもコージ・アオキの尽力なしでは成し遂げることができませんでした。彼はエンジニアを率いてくれたのです）
I want to stress that my success would not have been possible without the hard work and dedication of my wonderful colleagues （強調したいのは私が成功できたのも素晴らしい同僚たちの献身があってのことです）
We wouldn't have been able to open our doors as soon as we did without the generosity of local residents and businesses who donated money toward the center. （こんなにも早く開館できたのは、地元住民と企業の温かいご支援のおかげです。センターに対し寄付をしてくださいました）
NYTのレビューにIn age, attitude and even metabolism, they’re separated by a forbidding gulf.とあるように年齢も職業も暮らしぶりも違う二人、そんな二人が不倫関係にあり今も惹かれあっている様子が舞台の中心でした。
Review: ‘Skylight,’ With Carey Mulligan and Bill Nighy, Opens on Broadway By BEN BRANTLEYAPRIL 2, 2015 They are hardly a well-matched pair, this couple that has been given such transfixing life in two of the most expert stage performances you’re likely to see for many seasons. As embodied by Carey Mulligan and Bill Nighy in the heart-piercing revival of David Hare’s “Skylight,” Kyra Hollis and Tom Sergeant have none of the things in common that usually make for a fine romance.
In age, attitude and even metabolism, they’re separated by a forbidding gulf. And don’t get them started on politics, or economics, or even cooking. Yet as you watch Ms. Mulligan and Mr. Nighy move magnetically toward and away from each other in Stephen Daldry’s exquisitely balanced London-born production, which opened on Thursday night at the Golden Theater, you can’t help thinking that on some profound level these two were made to be together.
Carey Mulligan and Bill Nighy, who will appear in “Skylight” on Broadway. The play, written by David Hare and directed by Stephen Daldry, has transferred from London.Carey Mulligan and Bill Nighy Prepare ‘Skylight’ for BroadwayFEB. 26, 2015
Tear-stained stories of impossible love have been a staple of theater for centuries. And Mr. Hare’s 1995 drama, his tightest and quite possibly his best, delivers big on the rueful pleasures of that genre.
But Mr. Hare being Mr. Hare, a British playwright who never leaves his rage at the world’s inequities at home, he locates the divided conscience of a nation within intimate affairs of the heart. “Skylight” is a portrait of both two very specific lives and, implicitly but exactly, the economically unbalanced country that surrounds them.
それだけにとどまらずBut Mr. Hare being Mr. Hare, a British playwright who never leaves his rage at the world’s inequities at homeとあるように、社会格差の問題についても鋭く切り込んだ舞台になっていました。Mr. Hare being Mr. Hareという表現は面白いですね。社会派の劇作家と知られているようで以下のように積極的に政治的発言もしているようです。
David Hare: can the Labour party find its voice? It’s 22 years since the playwright’s chronicle of an election-losing Labour leader, The Absence of War, premiered at the Olivier theatre. On the eve of its revival he calls for the party of the left to rediscover itself Friday 30 January 2015 14.00 GMT
アカデミー賞俳優のマシュー・マコノヒーと、映画のみならず舞台においても国際的に活躍を続ける渡辺謙が初共演を果たした、ガス・ヴァン・サント監督の最新作『The Sea of Trees（原題）』が、2016年に日本公開することが決定した。また、本作は間もなく開催される本年度カンヌ国際映画祭のコンペティション部門での正式上映が決定している（公式上映日は現地時間5月16日）。
富士の樹海を舞台にした注目の映画『The Sea of Trees』。人生に失望し、自分の命を絶つ為に自殺の名所として有名な富士の樹海にやってきたアメリカ人男性アーサー（マシュー・マコノヒー）は、森林の奥地までたどり着いたとき、同じ目的でその場所を訪れていた日本人男性タクミ（渡辺謙）に出会う。タクミは一時自殺を決意したが、その気持ちを変え妻子の元へ戻ろうとしており、樹海から抜け出すために助けを求めてきた。怪我を負っているタクミを放っておくことも出来ず、自殺を遮られたことでアーサー自身もここに至るまでの人生を見つめ直すようになる...というストーリー。
THE SEA OF TREES SYNOPSIS It’s love and loss that lead Arthur Brennan, across the world to Japan’s Aokigahara, a mysterious dense forest known as The Sea of Trees lapping the foothills of Japan’s Mount Fuji – a place where people go to contemplate life and death. Arthur enters the depths of the forest and loses himself beyond the guiding ribbons threaded through the trees by many before him. Having found the perfect place to die, Arthur encounters Takumi Nakamura, a Japanese man who also appears to have lost his way. Unable to leave Takumi behind, Arthur invests all of his remaining energy into saving Takumi and returning him to safety. The two men embark on a journey of reflection and survival, which affirms Arthur’s will to live and reconnects him to his love with his wife.
Sea of Trees Swirling mystery permeates Sea of Trees as Bill, an American college student, and his Japanese girlfriend Junko traverse the Aokigahara Forest in Japan--infamous as one of the world's top suicide destinations--in search of evidence of Junko's sister Izumi who disappeared there a year previous. As the two follow clues and journey deeper into the woods amid the eerily quiet and hauntingly beautiful landscape--bypassing tokens and remains of the departed, suicide notes tacked to trees and shrines put up by forlorn loved ones--they'll depend on one another in ways they never had to before, testing the very fabric of their relationship. And, as daylight quickly escapes them and they find themselves lost in the dark veil of night, Bill discovers a truth Junko has hidden deep within her-a truth that will change them both forever.
どうやら樹海は海外でも有名のようで、ドキュメンタリーで取り上げたりしているようです。
(Wikipedia) Aokigahara Aokigahara (青木ヶ原?), also known as the Suicide Forest or Sea of Trees (樹海 Jukai?), is a 35-square-kilometre (14 sq mi) forest that lies at the northwest base of Mount Fuji in Japan. The forest contains a number of rocky, icy caverns, a few of which are popular tourist destinations.[1] Aokigahara forest is dense, shutting out all but the natural sounds of the forest itself.[2] The forest has an historic association with demons in Japanese mythology and is a popular place for suicides (57 in 2010),[3] despite the sign posted in Japanese at the head of the main trail urging suicidal visitors to think of their families and contact a suicide prevention association.
After all, there is reason the Aokigahara Forest, at the base of Mount Fuji, is called the “suicide forest.”
Japan has more than 30,000 suicides a year — one of the highest rates among industrialized nations. On average, someone in Japan dies by his own hand every 15 minutes. Usually a man. The Aokigahara Forest is the most common place to commit suicide in Japan, and it is widely thought to be the second most likely site in the world, after the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco.
The reasons are complex.
In 1960, Seicho Matsumoto wrote a popular novel called “Tower of Wave,” in which a couple commits suicide in Aokigahara Forest. These woods are described as the “perfect place to die” by the author Wataru Tsurumi in the book, “The Complete Manual of Suicide.” His best seller has been found next to many bodies in the woods, which is also known as the Yukai Forest, or Sea of Trees.
In addition, Mount Fuji is revered as a sacred site in Japan. Folk tales tell of ghosts and demons haunting the forest.
There is also a long, romantic history of honorable suicide in Japan, from the Samurai avoiding disgrace to the kamikaze pilots of World War II. And suicide is less stigmatized in Japan than in many Western societies.
EXCLUSIVE: AI Film has come aboard supernatural thriller The Forest as co-financier and co-producer. Game Of Thrones‘ Natalie Dormer and Chicago Fire‘s Taylor Kinney star in the film that began principal photography today in Tokyo. The Lava Bear Films project has Focus Features releasing domestically on January 8. Jason Zada is making his feature debut based on an original idea from David S. Goyer.
Sarah Cornwell and Nick Antosca wrote the script for The Forest, which is produced by Lava Bear and Goyer, under his Phantom Four banner. Shooting in Tokyo and the environs surrounding the Aokigahara forest at the base of Mount Fuji, the story follows Sara, a young American who goes in search of her mysteriously disappeared twin sister. Despite warnings to “stay on the path,” Sara enters the forest determined to discover the truth about her sister’s fate, only to be confronted by the angry and tormented souls of the dead who prey on anyone who wanders that way. “We are proud to see this film going into production and fortunate to have AI Film join us,” said Lava Bear head David Linde. “The team both in front of and behind the camera promises to deliver a well-crafted thriller designed to engage audiences all over the world.”
Sarah Lotz chatted to Jenny Crwys-Williams on her Talk Radio 702 Book Show about her novel, The Three. Crwys-Williams asked Lotz about Aokigahara, the infamous Japanese ‘suicide forest’ at the foot of Mount Fuji, where one of the aeroplanes crashes in The Three. “I heard about it a few years ago,” Lotz says, “and I couldn’t believe there wasn’t more fiction written around it, because it is one of the scariest places in the world, and also the most upsetting places in the world. More than a hundred people flock there every year to commit suicide.” Lotz visited Aokigahara with her mother, and found it surprisingly “incredibly beautiful” and atmospheric:
Didn’t you want to write the project summary? - I did, but I could use your help.
上記のやり取りの意味をとることは簡単ですが、ニュアンスまで自分はとれていませんでした。I could use …の表現が結構登場していたんですが、use=「〜を使う」という発想だと上目線にも感じますよね
Would it be possible to go over your suggestion in person - maybe on Friday morning? I haven’t worked on something like this before and I could really use your help. （直接会って提案をみていくことはできますか。金曜日の午前中あたりで。このようなことを以前にしたことがないので、助けてもらうとありがたいです。）
You’re probably right about the ticket counter, but we can still use your help, though. We need a lot of volunteers to pass out brochures as people come in. （チケット売り場についてはそうかもしれませんが、まだ手伝っていただきたいことがあるのです。入場時にパンフレットを配布するボランティアがたくさん必要なのです）
We chose this building because it had a lot more space than our old office, but as you can see, we could really use your help updating the interior. （以前のオフィスよりずっと広いのでこの建物を選びましたが、ご覧のように、内装を新しくするのにあなたの助けがぜひ必要です）日本の公式vol5の訳を引用させていただきました。
恥ずかしながら「could use 名詞」という表現があることを今知りました（汗）ちゃ〜んと辞書に載っているではないですか（滝汗）
（ウィズダム） còuld úse A｟話｠ 1 〈人が〉A〈事物〉をいただけるとありがたい, Aがあってもいい ▸ I could use some help. 手伝ってもらえるとうれしいんですが ▸ I think I could use a drink. 飲み物をいただければと思います.
（英辞郎） could use a little help ちょっと手伝ってもらえるとありがたい［手伝ってもらったらいいかもしれない］、もうちょっとどうにかなるのではないか◆控えめな言い方。
（ジーニアス） I could use some money. お金があるとうれしいんだが （◆Please give me some moneyの遠回し表現）
（オックスフォード） I, you, etc. could use something(informal) used to say that you would like to have something very much I think we could all use a drink after that!
（ロングマン） could use something spoken if you say you could use something, you mean you would really like to have it: I could use a drink.
コロケーション辞典にも米国用法のようですがcould use helpが載っていました。
（オックスフォードコロケーション） could use(AmE), need, require, want Do you need any help unloading the car?
仕事をしていると「〜してもらえると助かります」みたいなやり取りってメールでも会話でも頻出しますが、その場合はI could really use your help –ingを使えばいいんですね。TOEICからはまだまだ学ぶことがありそうです（苦笑）
More Like This Expressions from history and legend Achilles heel Cinderella Herculean Mephistophelian Midas touch narcissism odyssey Prince Charming Procrustean Promethean Pyrrhic Robin Hood Scylla and Charybdis Sleeping Beauty Stygian Titan
（オックスフォード） Robin Hood a person who takes or steals money from rich people and gives it to poor people He was seen as an educational Robin Hood with his proposal to take federal money out of the hands of schools and place it in the hands of students. From the name of a character in traditional English stories who lived in a forest, robbing rich people and giving money to poor people.
Culture Robin Hood is said to have lived in Sherwood Forest near Nottingham during the rule of King Richard I (1189-99). His companions (usually called his Merry Men) included Friar Tuck, Little John and Will Scarlet, and his lover was Maid Marian. Together they robbed rich people and gave money to poor people, and their enemy was the Sheriff of Nottingham. There is no evidence that Robin Hood ever existed but there are many stories about him and many films have been made about his adventures. In these he is often shown wearing clothes made of a material called Lincoln green, and holding a bow.
（ロングマン） Robin Hood in old English stories, a man who lived as an outlaw (=someone who does not obey the law and is hiding from the authorities) in Sherwood Forest in central England, with his followers, known as his "Merry Men". These include Friar Tuck, Little John, and Maid Marian. His enemy is the evil Sheriff of Nottingham, who is always trying to catch him. Robin Hood is usually shown dressed in green clothes, known as Lincoln green, and holding a bow. There have been many stories, films, and television programmes about his life and adventures. He is famous especially for robbing the rich and giving to the poor, and people use his name to describe a situation in which money is taken from rich people and given to poor people: • a new higher-rate tax that will have a 'Robin Hood effect' on income distribution
オックスフォードにIn these he is often shown wearing clothes made of a material called Lincoln green, and holding a bow.と書いてある通りの同じみの格好ですが、こういうのも含めてRobin Hoodの物語というのは後からいろいろ脚色が付け加わっていて１２世紀ごろのバラードとは内容がずいぶん異なっているようです。そのあたりを詳しく取り上げているサイトが以下です。
Wolfshead Through The Ages So, you think you know Robin Hood? You might be in for a surprise. The legend of Robin Hood has changed a lot over the years. "Classic" characters such as Maid Marian, Friar Tuck and Alan a Dale were all later additions to the greenwood folklore. So was the "steal from the rich and give to the poor" motif. The Robin Hood of the early ballads is very different from the Robin Hoods of Errol Flynn and Kevin Costner. These pages explore the history of the bold outlaw of Nottingham, Barnsdale and Sherwood. They show how, when and why the story of Robin Hood evolved.
"Can I buy stamps here?" "Well, we do sell them”のように肯定文の動詞に付け加える助動詞doは「強調」と言われることが多いですが、韓国の公式問題集vol5のパート3で何度か使われているのをみて、もう少し「強調」として使われる場合のニュアンスを考えてみたくなりました。
（ケンブリッジ） (FOR EMPHASIS) used to give extra force to the main verb: "Can I buy stamps here?" "Well, we do sell them, but we don't have any at the moment." →こちらの例は「いつもは切手を売っているけど、今は切らしている」と対立内容が示されています。
（マクミラン） used for emphasizing the meaning of a positive statement My memory isn’t very good, but I do remember what she was wearing. →こちらの例は「記憶力は特段良くないけど彼女の服装は覚えている」という対立内容が示されています。
以下、公式問題集の用例を見ながらニュアンスを掴み取っていきたいです。
(Woman) … There’ll be about 35 people. Can you accommodate that many? (Man) We do have a dining room large enough for a group that size. If you tell me what date you have in mind, I’ll see if it’s available then →レストランで大人数のランチについて問い合わせを受けての返答でWe do have a dining roomと答えていますが、日にちによって提供できない可能性もあるので、その後に日にちを聞いています。「席はあるんですが。。。」的なニュアンスがあるかもしれません。
(Man) Would it be possible to go over your suggestion in person - maybe on Friday morning? ... (Woman) Sure. But I’m actually leaving for a business trip early on Friday. I do have some time on Thursday if that works for you. →金曜日の午前に打ち合わせの打診を受けたのですが、出張でいけないことを伝えた後に、その代わり木曜日なら空いていると代替案をだしています。「木曜なら」みたいなニュアンスでしょうか。
(W-Br) Good evening. I see that your restaurant’s pretty busy right now – do you have any available tables? (M-Cn) We are busy, but we do have some free tables, so you won’t have to wait →こちらも「忙しいことは確かだれども席はある」と「〜だけれども」的なニュアンスがあります。
(M-Au) Did you know you can suspend your membership for up to six months? .. (W-Am) Oh, that’s fabulous – I do like the exercise classes here, and I was planning to enroll again when I get back from London. →海外転勤のためフィットネスクラブの解約を申し入れた人が一時休止できることを聞いてI do like the exercise classes hereとやむを得ない状況でくることはできないけど、エクソサイズ自体は好きであることを伝えています。
(Woman) I don't think I will. I'm trying to get a job at a different school for next year. (Man) You are? Really? I though you liked it here. (Woman) I do like it here. This is a great school, and I'll hate to leave, but I'd really prefer to teach younger children. →職場を移ることに驚いた同僚に対して「ここは好きだけど」と別に理由があることを伝えています。
(Man) Sure. I know what it’s like using that software for the first time... (Woman) Well, hopefully it’ll be easy for you to explain it then. We do have a manual with instructions for using the database though. →新入社員にソフトウェアの使い方を説明するちょうにお願いしたところ快諾してもらえました。自信満々のようなので不要かもしれませんが、念のため、マニュアルもあることを伝えるところでWe do have a manualとしています。
(M-Au) I’m sorry, that particular model was recently discontinued. But it’s been replaced with a very similar style, called the Shipley, and we do have one of those here in the store →希望の品物はすでに生産中止になったのですが、その代わり代わりのものがあることを伝えるところで、we do have one of those here in the storeと表現しています。
KATAKU NO HITO (HOUSE ON FIRE) (1986) MOVIE INFO A film that takes place in the 1950s, involving the complicated situation of a popular writer who must balance his life between his family, his numerous mistresses, and his work. Adapted from the autobiography of Kazuo Dan, published a few months before his death.
（オックスフォード） odyssey a long journey full of experiences She kept a record of all the places she passed through on her odyssey. From the Odyssey, a Greek poem that is said to have been written by Homer, about the adventures of Odysseus. After a battle in Troy, Odysseus had to spend ten years travelling before he could return home.
（ロングマン） odyssey 1 a series of experiences that teach you something about yourself or about life: a spiritual odyssey 2 a long journey with a lot of adventures or difficulties
ロングマンは主人公オデュッセウスのところでホメロスの叙事詩の詳しい説明をしてくれています。He is brave, clever, and good at tricking people in order to get what he wants.のgood at tricking peopleところなんかも、機転をきかせてピンチを切り抜けるこの映画にあっている訳です。まあ、このタイトルをつけた人はキューブリックの 2001: A Space Odyssey の方が念頭にあったのかもしれませんし、プロメテウスなどの映画を作っているリドリースコットの意向があったのかもしれませんし、真相は知りません。。。（汗）
（ロングマン） Odysseus in ancient Greek stories, the King of Ithaca and husband of Penelope, who is the main character in the poem The Odyssey by Homer. He spent ten years fighting in the Trojan War, and another ten years travelling home after the war. He is brave, clever, and good at tricking people in order to get what he wants. In ancient Roman stories his name is Ulysses.
2001: A Space Odyssey a film (1968) about future travel in space, written by Arthur C Clarke and Stanley Kubrick, who also directed it. The story is about a long trip taken in a spacecraft by two astronauts with an intelligent computer called HAL. It raised interesting questions about the influence of computers and the possibility of life on other planets. The film won an Oscar for its special visual effects. Clarke later wrote the novel 2010: Odyssey Two (1982) which was also made into a film (1984).
More Like This Expressions from history and legend Achilles heel Cinderella Herculean Mephistophelian Midas touch narcissism odyssey Prince Charming Procrustean Promethean Pyrrhic Robin Hood Scylla and Charybdis Sleeping Beauty Stygian Titan
（オックスフォード） choreography the art of designing and arranging the steps and movements in dances, especially in ballet; the steps and movements in a particular ballet or show
(Wikipedia) Stage combat is a specialized technique in theatre designed to create the illusion of physical combat without causing harm to the performers. It is employed in live stage plays as well as operatic and ballet productions. The term is also used informally to describe Fight choreography for other production media including film and television. It is a common field of study for actors and dancers with some form of martial arts training, and is closely related to the practice of stunts.
I like that it’s a sort in the same vein, Kind of stepping away from computer generated stances or imagery, staff like that, you really, it’s a tangible feeling to watch those kinds of sequences play out on the screen.
（ロングマン） tangible technical if something is tangible, you can touch or feel it: The silence of the countryside was almost tangible.
（オックスフォード） tangible that you can touch and feel The tension between them was almost tangible.
（ケンブリッジブジネス） tangible real, existing; able to be shown or experienced: tangible evidence/proof/signs We can now see tangible evidence of economic renewal and growth. a tangible achievement/benefit/effect Rewards can include financial payments, promotions, and other tangible benefits. tangible improvement/progress/results They hope the meeting will achieve tangible results.
スクリプト In this wasteland I'm the one who runs from both the living and the dead. A man who is reduced to a single instinct, survive. It is by my hand you will rise from the ashes of this world! We are not things! We are not things! Where is she taking them? I want them back! They're my property! Oh, what a day! What a lovely day! You wanna get through this? Let's go! As the world fell each of us in our own way was broken. It was hard to know who was more crazy, me or everyone else.
（Wikipedia） Show, don't tell Show, don't tell is a technique often employed in various kinds of texts to enable the reader to experience the story through action, words, thoughts, senses, and feelings rather than through the author's exposition, summarization, and description. The goal is not to drown the reader in heavy-handed adjectives, but rather to allow readers to interpret significant details in the text. The technique applies equally to nonfiction and all forms of fiction, including literature, speech, movie making, and playwriting.
映画シナリオの基本のようで以下のような記事がありました。action does speak louder than wordsという諺も引き合いに出しています。
Film is Visual: Show, Don't Tell! The theatre, for the most part, is verbal storytelling; therefore, it’s not uncommon for the playwright to tell the story through talking heads. But film is a visual medium, and the screenwriter must think cinematically. He can't write a bunch of description paragraphs on what a character is thinking. He can only write what we see, because in a movie, it’s usually not what a character says that is the most telling. It’s what the character does that really shows the story. The old cliché is truth: action does speak louder than words. And it’s your job to describe the action cinematically. This doesn’t mean you should write in exotic locations, high-speed car chases, and a plethora of explosions – unless of course it’s a summer popcorn action film – but you still need to be visual, regardless of genre.
ちょっと横道にそれますが、学校行事の一つとしてshow and tellがありますね。
（ロングマン） show and tell an activity for school children in which they bring an object to school and tell the other children about it: Ramona brought in a fossil for show and tell.
（Wisdom） show and tell 展示と説明〘学校に珍しい物などを持ってこさせて, ほか の生徒たちに向かって説明させる教育方法〙.
vol1 Q41-43 (Woman) How do you like your new apartment, James?
vol2 Q41-43 (Man) Hello. I ordered a computer desk from your catalog at the beginning of the month and I haven't received it yet. Could you look into it for me, please?
最初の会話でも以下のことがわかりますね。
vol1 Q41-43 同僚か友人同士の会話 vol2 Q41-43 客からの店側への問い合わせ
vol1 Q41-43は、How do you like your new apartment, James?といきなりyour new apartmentについて聞いています。Jamesと下の名前で話しかけていることから知った間柄であることが想像できますが、Jamesさんがnew apartmentに越したばかりであることをこの話者が知っていることからもそのことがわかります。
一方のvol2 Q41-43は、Could you look into my order for me, please?といきなり核心部分を聞くのではなく、自分がした注文について説明をまずしています。お互い深く知った間柄ではないですから、このような状況説明がないと会話はスムーズに進まないでしょう。
Sophie’s Choiceという表現をきっかけに、Sophie’s ChoiceやBook Thiefなどを読んだのですが、下記に紹介するNew York Review Of Booksの記事を読んだ後でもあったので、ポップカルチャーのテーマとしての「ホロコースト」が気になりました。中公新書の「ホロコースト」に書いてあったことですが、ホロコーストというトピックがポップカルチャーで大きな関心を集めたのは1978年NBCドラマだそうです。戦後ずいぶんと経ってからなんですね。
（Wikipedia） Holocaust Holocaust is an American television miniseries broadcast in four parts in 1978 on the NBC television network. The series tells the story of the Holocaust from the perspective of the (fictional) Weiss family of German Jews and that of a rising member of the SS, who gradually becomes a merciless war criminal. Holocaust highlighted numerous important events which occurred up to and during World War II, such as Kristallnacht, the creation of Jewish ghettos and later, the use of gas chambers. Although the miniseries won several awards and received critical acclaim, it was criticized by some, including noted Holocaust survivor and author Elie Wiesel, who described it as "untrue and offensive."
The Anatomy of Hell Richard J. Evans JULY 9, 2015 ISSUE In the popular imagination, the Nazi concentration camp now features mainly as a place where Jews were taken to be gassed. In a recent German opinion poll, most respondents associated the camps with the persecution and murder of Jews; under 10 percent mentioned other categories of camp prisoners, such as Communists, criminals, or homosexuals. The power of the “Holocaust” as a concept has all but obliterated other aspects of the crimes of the Nazis and the sufferings of their victims and driven the history of the camps from cultural memory. No crime in human history outdoes the genocidal extermination of six million European Jews on the orders of the leader of Germany’s self-styled “Third Reich.” Yet the majority of the Jewish victims of Nazi mass murder were not killed in the camps; they were shot, starved to death, or left to die of diseases that could easily have been prevented or treated but were not. The concentration camp was in no way synonymous with the Holocaust.
1. The Road to Character David Brooks
2. Becoming Steve Jobs: The Evolution of a Reckless Upstart into a Visionary Leader Brent Schlender、 Rick Tetzeli
3. H is for Hawk Helen Macdonald
4. Building the H Bomb :A Personal History Kenneth W Ford
5. Hokusai's Great Wave: Biography of a Global Icon Christine M. E. Guth
6. Art of Edo Japan: The Artist and the City 1615-1868 by Christine Guth
7. Sophie's Choice by William Styron
8. The Book Thief by Markus Zusak
9. General Will 2.0: Rousseau, Freud, Google by Hiroki Azuma (Author), John Person (Translator)
Most managers accept that employers benefit from a diverse workforce, but the notion can be hard to prove or quantify, especially when it comes to measuring how diversity affects a firm’s ability to innovate.
But new research provides compelling evidence that diversity unlocks innovation and drives market growth—a finding that should intensify efforts to ensure that executive ranks both embody and embrace the power of differences.
In this research, which rests on a nationally representative survey of 1,800 professionals, 40 case studies, and numerous focus groups and interviews, we scrutinized two kinds of diversity: inherent and acquired. Inherent diversity involves traits you are born with, such as gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. Acquired diversity involves traits you gain from experience: Working in another country can help you appreciate cultural differences, for example, while selling to female consumers can give you gender smarts. We refer to companies whose leaders exhibit at least three inherent and three acquired diversity traits as having two-dimensional diversity.
sexual orientationには「性的志向」という訳語が当てられていますが、このような問題意識が薄い人にとってはSかMかといったことを想像してしまうかもしれません。ただ、このあたりは辞書がしっかりと補足説明をしてくれています。
（ウィズダム） sexual orientation 性的志向〘同性愛, 異性愛などに対する志向性〙.
（ロングマン） sexual orientation [uncountable and countable] formal the fact that someone is heterosexual or homosexual: people of different sexual orientations
（オックスフォード学習辞典） sexual orientation (= whether you are heterosexual or homosexual )
（プログレッシブ） sexual orientation [U]性的性向：異性愛, 同性愛, 両性愛のいずれか.
（オックスフォード） sexual orientation [MASS NOUN] A person’s sexual identity in relation to the gender to which they are attracted; the fact of being heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual.
EXAMPLE SENTENCES What this means is that all students can choose their room-mates regardless of their assigned legal or chosen genders and sexes, sexual orientations, expressions or identifications.
（アメリカンヘリテージ） sexual orientation The direction of a person's sexual interest, as towards people of the opposite sex, the same sex, or both sexes.
(Wikipedia) 性的指向（せいてきしこう）（英: Sexual Orientation）は、いずれの性別を恋愛や性愛の対象とするかをいう、人間の根本的な性傾向のことを指し、性指向ともいう。無意識に形成されるとされ、大きく「異性愛」、「同性愛」、「両性愛」に分類される。性的指向を持たない場合は「無性愛」となり、これを便宜的に性的指向の中に分類する場合もある。
Sexual orientation is an enduring pattern of romantic or sexual attraction (or a combination of these) to persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or to both sexes or more than one gender. These attractions are generally subsumed under heterosexuality, homosexuality, and bisexuality,[1][2] while asexuality (the lack of sexual attraction to others) is sometimes identified as the fourth category.
ただ、asexualという言葉はオックスフォードの学習辞典にも載っていました。
（オックスフォード） asexual (technology) not involving sex; not having sexual organs asexual reproduction asexual animals like aphids not having sexual qualities; not interested in sex the tendency to see old people as asexual
最後におまけ。日本でいうSかMかは、英語だとどういうのか？Dominant or Submissive?というのがよく言われる表現のひとつのようです。
This series of posts on human sexual desire has uncovered many intriguing ironies and paradoxes. But perhaps the most fascinating and beguiling among them are the apparent contradictions that exist in the realm of sexual roles: namely, dominant, submissive... or both.
