画像は先ほどのWHOの予防策のページにあったものですがwet marketって言葉だけだと魚市場みたいなものかと想像しますが、対象範囲はもっと広いようです。英語表現として馴染みがないようでNew York Timesの記事では以下のように補足説明しています。
The coronavirus that has spread from Wuhan has been linked to the sale of live wildlife at a market that experts describe as a perfect incubator for novel pathogens
By Steven Lee Myers Jan. 25, 2020 Updated 8:06 p.m. ET
LANGFANG, China — The typical market in China has fruits and vegetables, butchered beef, pork and lamb, whole plucked chickens — with heads and beaks attached — and live crabs and fish, spewing water out of churning tanks. Some sell more unusual fare, including live snakes, turtles and cicadas, guinea pigs, bamboo rats, badgers, hedgehogs, otters, palm civets, even wolf cubs.
While China can mobilize a huge national response to the outbreak, its response to the crisis is also a lesson in how the country’s political weak points can carry grave consequences for world health.
By Max Fisher Jan. 25, 2020 Updated 4:13 p.m. ET
Experts fear a similar regulatory failure may have enabled the coronavirus outbreak: the longstanding inability to clean up so-called wet markets, which are stuffed with livestock living and dead, domesticated and wild. Though the outbreak’s cause is still being studied, Wuhan’s wet market is considered a prime suspect.
英語ではWikipediaが説明してくれていて、日本語でも説明してくれているサイトがありました。魚だけに限らず色々あるんですね。香港やシンガポール英語だとあります。
（シンガポールナビ）
ウェットマーケットとは？
魚や肉、野菜、果物など生鮮食品を取り扱う市場。その名の通り「wet market = 濡れている床」のことで生鮮食品を取り扱うお店が多いため、床が濡れているためにその名がつけられたものだとか。特に魚や肉を扱うお店の近くでは床を水で掃除することも多いのか、床が絶えず濡れているところも多いのですが、最近では改装工事をするウェットマーケットも多く乾いた床のところもあります。乾いた床になっても、ウェットマーケットという名前は引き継がれているんですね。いわゆる市場的な感じで、スーパーマーケットよりも新鮮、安いこともあって、地元の人でいっぱい。
ウェットマーケットは通常、朝から正午頃まで。一日中開いているお店というのはほとんどなく、ウェットマーケットへ行くなら午前中早めの時間へ行くのがおススメ。
(Wikipedia)
wet market
In Hong Kong English and Singapore English,[1] a wet market is a market selling fresh meat, fish, produce, and other perishable goods as distinguished from "dry markets" which sell durable goods such as fabric and electronics.[2]
Chinese wet markets
Wet markets were traditionally places that sold dead and live animals out in the open. This includes poultry, fish, reptiles, and pigs. However, since SARS, large animals and poultry are not as commonly found in the markets in Hong Kong, though live fish, shellfish, and frogs are widely available. Some markets also sell exotic animals.[3] Fresh fruits and vegetables are also available. Wet markets also generally include butcher shops with fresh meat. The fresh meat and fish sections are separate from the fruit and vegetable stalls. Many markets also have stalls that sell dried goods, flowers, and processed tofu as well as cooked meat.[4]
In Hong Kong wet markets are most frequented by older residents, those with lower incomes, and domestic helpers who serve approximately 10 percent of Hong Kong's residents.[4][5] Wet markets have become destinations for tourists to "see the real Hong Kong".[4][6]
Many of the wet market buildings are owned by property investment firms and as a result the price of food can vary from market to market.[7] In general, the owner of the wet market building is responsible for maintaining the building infrastructure. Stalls are rented out to retailers, who purchase and sell their goods independently. This is in contrast to a supermarket which is operated by a single company.
For some customers, it is important to see the animal alive before it is purchased to check its health and quality. This is generally not an option in supermarkets, except in lobster or fish booths. Most wet markets have facilities for allowing a customer to choose a live animal, then either take it home as is or have it killed and cleaned.
米国CDCのサイトではwet marketという言葉は使われずlarge seafood and animal marketとしています。
Updated January 24, 2020
Situation Summary
Early on, many of the patients in the outbreak in Wuhan, China reportedly had some link to a large seafood and animal market, suggesting animal-to-person spread. However, a growing number of patients reportedly have not had exposure to animal markets, suggesting person-to-person spread is occurring. At this time, it’s unclear how easily or sustainably this virus is spreading between people.
一方のWHOサイトではHuanan Seafood Marketです。これはwet market＝魚市場という発想から来ているのでしょうか。
10 January 2020
On 31 December 2019, a cluster of pneumonia of unknown etiology was reported in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China. On 9 January Chinese authorities reported in the media that the cause of this viral pneumonia was initially identified as a new type of coronavirus, which is different from any other human coronaviruses discovered so far . Coronaviruses are a large family of respiratory viruses that can cause diseases ranging from the common cold to the Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome and the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS).
The clinical signs and symptoms of the patients reported in this cluster are mainly fever, with a few patients having difficulty in breathing, and chest radiographs showing bilateral lung infiltrates. Some cases were operating dealers or vendors in Huanan Seafood Market. From the currently available information, preliminary investigation suggests that there is no significant human-to-human transmission, and no infections among health care workers have occurred. More information is required to better understand the mode of transmission and clinical manifestation of this new virus. The source of this new virus is not yet known.
厚生労働省やNHKなどは「海鮮市場」としていますが、これはWHOに引っ張られてでしょうか。ただ、色々売られていますから誤解を産みそうな訳語です。「Wet marketってどんなものが売られているの？」という素朴な疑問に答えてくれているのが次のBusiness Insiderの記事。A 61-year-old man was the first person to die from the virus. According to Bloomberg, he was a regular shopper at the Huanan wet market, which sold more than seafood.とあるように魚以外も売られているのがわかります。
Aylin Woodward Jan 25, 2020, 1:37 AM
The coronavirus spreading in China and the SARS outbreak of 2003 have two things in common: Both are from the coronavirus family, and both started in wet markets.
At such markets, outdoor stalls are squeezed together to form narrow lanes, where locals and visitors shop for cuts of meat and ripe produce. A stall selling hundreds of caged chickens may abut a butcher counter, where uncooked meat is chopped as nearby dogs watch hungrily. Vendors hock skinned hares, while seafood stalls display glistening fish and shrimp.
Wet markets put people and live and dead animals — dogs, chickens, pigs, snakes, civets, and more — in constant close contact. That makes it easy for a virus to jump from animal to human.
日本の場合は、魚や肉、野菜は基本的に分かれて売られているイメージですから、wet marketみたいな語の処理は難しいですね。
Wiredの翻訳記事では「生鮮市場」と訳しています。
MEGAN MOLTENI SCIENCE01.23.2020 07:53 PM
One paper advanced a controversial theory about the disease's origin. Other scientists aren't biting.
One of the many mysteries behind the outbreak of a new respiratory-tract-attacking virus that’s now infected nearly 650 people and killed 18 in China is where, exactly, it came from. The initial cluster of pneumonia-like cases showed up in the city of Wuhan mid-December, and most of those patients had some tie to a wet market there—a place where people sell both live and dead animals, including exotic species, from snugly-abutting stalls
アウトブレイクの発端は12月中旬、中国の武漢における肺炎に似た症状の集団発生だった。患者の大多数に現地の生鮮市場との関連性が見つかっている。その生鮮市場では、ひしめき合う屋台で外来種を含むさまざまな動物が売られている。生きた動物も死んだ動物もいる。
辞書的には生鮮食料品には肉や野菜が含まれますので、この訳語の方が「海鮮市場」よりはいいかもしれませんが、なかなかあのなんでもありの市場を表す日本語を探すのは難しそうです。
