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自分が読んで興味深く感じた英文記事を中心に取り上げる予定です

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White Fragility

 
人種問題に対して、日本では戸惑っているのが実情でしょうか。変に意識しすぎると以下のような困った状況になりそうです。



人種問題にどのように振る舞えばいいのか、そんなヒントをくれる本として数年前にでたWhite Fragilityと言う本が米国でベストセラーになっているそうです。アマゾンのレビューが5000近くになっていますので話題の本ですね。近くの図書館にあったので読んでみました。



(アマゾンの紹介文)
Anger. Fear. Guilt. Denial. Silence. These are the ways in which ordinary white people react when it is pointed out to them that they have done or said something that has - unintentionally - caused racial offence or hurt. But these reactions only serve to silence people of colour, who cannot give honest feedback to 'liberal' white people lest they provoke a dangerous emotional reaction.

Robin DiAngelo coined the term 'White Fragility' in 2011 to describe this process and is here to show us how it serves to uphold the system of white supremacy. Using knowledge and insight gained over decades of running racial awareness workshops and working on this idea as a Professor of Whiteness Studies, she shows us how we can start having more honest conversations, listen to each other better and react to feedback with grace and humility. It is not enough to simply hold abstract progressive views and condemn the obvious racists on social media - change starts with us all at a practical, granular level, and it is time for all white people to take responsibility for relinquishing their own racial supremacy.

この本は、黒人の抱えている問題を理解して、より平等な社会を作るにはどのようにすればいいのかについて語っているのではないんですよね。白人の人種問題についての鈍感さを取り上げ、どのように振る舞えばいいのかという本に思えました。Matt TaibbiというジャーナリストはBLMを企業研修で対応できるものとして矮小化していると手厳しく批判しています。




A few thoughts on America’s smash-hit #1 guide to egghead racialism
Matt Taibbi
Jun 29

For corporate America the calculation is simple. What’s easier, giving up business models based on war, slave labor, and regulatory arbitrage, or benching Aunt Jemima? There’s a deal to be made here, greased by the fact that the “antiracism” prophets promoted in books like White Fragility share corporate Americas instinctive hostility to privacy, individual rights, freedom of speech, etc.

Corporate America doubtless views the current protest movement as something that can be addressed as an H.R. matter, among other things by hiring thousands of DiAngelos to institute codes for the proper mode of Black-white workplace interaction.

If you’re wondering what that might look like, here’s DiAngelo explaining how she handled the fallout from making a bad joke while she was “facilitating antiracism training” at the office of one of her clients.

When one employee responds negatively to the training, DiAngelo quips the person must have been put off by one of her Black female team members: “The white people,” she says, “were scared by Deborah’s hair.” (White priests of antiracism like DiAngelo seem universally to be more awkward and clueless around minorities than your average Trump-supporting construction worker).

スポンサーサイト



 

New American Revolution

 


大坂なおみの試合があと数時間後に始まりますが、このTIMEの動画は6月のジョージフロイドの事件の後を受けてのものです。昨年、彼女はTIME100に選ばれていてその一環としてのインタビューです。さらに8月にはHappyという歌で有名なPharrell Williamsが編集した黒人の問題を取り扱ったTIMEの特集New American Revolutionでも彼女が登場していたんですね。日本で発売されているアジア版では表紙がインドのCOVID-19の状況を扱っていたので見落としていました。

Naomi Osaka  Mikey Williams  Aug. 20, 2020     

Naomi Osaka is one of the top tennis players in the world, having won two Grand Slam titles in the past three years. Mikey Williams, a rising high school sophomore, is one of the top-ranked basketball prospects in the country and made waves recently for expressing an interest in attending a historically Black college or university (HBCU), as opposed to a traditional NCAA powerhouse. They met on Zoom to discuss being shaped by the protests this year and their long-term goals off the court.

大坂の意見表明についてのスポンサー企業の反応について毎日新聞が記事にしていましたが、この記事でも意見表明するにあたってスポンサーのことを心配していますが、言うべきことを言うことの覚悟を語っています。

NO: Personally, because of COVID and the quarantine, I was able to stay in one place for the longest amount of time I have in my life. But I actually flew to Minneapolis with my boyfriend, and we saw everything. That was a life-changing moment. I think athletes are scared of losing sponsors whenever they speak out. For me, that was really true, because most of my sponsors are Japanese. They probably have no idea what I’m talking about, and they might have been upset. But there comes a time where you feel like you gotta speak on what’s right and what’s important.

黒人であることの誇りを感じているようで、今大会では特にいい方向に作用しているようです。

MW: What is it like representing Blackness on an international scale?
NO: Because tennis is a majority-white sport, I do feel like I’m a representative—and because of that, I feel like I shouldn’t lose, sometimes. But it’s a very big source of pride. I feel like it gives me a lot of power, and I always feel more welcomed in certain cities.

企業との関係についても単なるお飾りのfigureheadになることには興味がないようです。

MW: Do you have any advice for becoming an entrepreneur as an athlete?
NO: I feel like I’m still learning a lot. Thankfully, I learned for a short while from Kobe [Bryant]. But everything that you’re interested in is an opportunity, and there’s no such thing as a stupid question when you’re in meetings. Most of the time, people don’t expect athletes to really get involved in the product. They just expect you to be a figurehead. But the newer generation is really becoming involved, trying to be investors.

毎日の記事だと否定的な反応の日本企業でしたが、一方のNikeはそのあたりをうまく取り込んでプロモーションしています。



Breaking The Mold

33 years ago, the Nike Air Max introduced visible air, setting new standards by shattering existing ones. This season we're highlighting the athletes, artists, and challengers who are doing the same. The future is in the Air.

The next generation of athletes are often told that to be great; they have to be made in the same mold as the greats who preceded them. Naomi Osaka has no interest in fitting into the mold, she's too busy breaking it. She went from relative unknown to one of the best tennis players in the world by doing it her way. "I got to this stage by being myself, and I should keep doing that," Naomi said.

このTIMEの特集を見てもBLMの問題の深刻さ、広がりを感じることができます。丁寧に読み直そうと思います。




titled the new american revolution — visions of a black future that fulfill a nation’s promise, TIME magazine’s aug. 31-sept. 7 issue will probably make it to the books. the issue, which sees the light during, let’s say, history-making times, was curated by recording artist and producer pharrell williams and features a series of conversations and essays that discuss creating a more equitable future for black americans.
 
‘america was founded on a dream of a land where all men were created equal, that contained the promise of liberty and justice for all,’ says pharrell williams on his essay ‘pharrell williams: america’s past and present are racist. we deserve a black future. ‘but all has never meant Black people. like most Black americans, I understand that all exists only in the augmented-reality goggles available to shareholders, power brokers and those lucky enough to get in on the initial public offering. but the ongoing protests for equity and accountability that have overtaken cities across the nation have made me feel something new that I can only describe with one word: american.’



in conjunction with TIME’s special cover project, pharrell williams teamed-up with jay-z to release a new song about Black ambition titled entrepreneur. on the track, williams sings: ‘in this position with no choice/the system imprison young Black boys/distract with white noise.’ williams told TIME the song is ‘about how tough it is to be an entrepreneur in our country to begin with.’

 

Say their names

 


大坂なおみが苦しみながらも順調に勝ち進んでいます。恒例となった抗議マスクにも注目がいきます。

Adam Zagoria 

Following her latest victory on Friday, a tough 6-3, 6-7(4), 6-2 win over 18-year-old Marta Kostyuk of the Ukraine, Osaka wore a mask honoring Ahmaud Arbery.

Arbery was a 25-year-old black man who was pursued by two armed white residents of a coastal South Georgia neighborhood and killed on Feb. 23. Gregory and Travis McMichael were arrested two days after the video of the shooting became public, while a third man, William "Roddie" Bryan Jr., was later arrested after filming the incident.

“I would like everyone to know that it was completely avoidable,” Osaka, 22, said in her on-court interview. “This did not have to happen. None of these deaths had to happen. And for me, I feel like I just want everyone to know the names more.”



警官による不当な暴力で亡くなった黒人被害者の名前をあげる大坂なおみの行為はまさに"Say Their Names"という動きにつながるなとようやく気づきました。次のサイトでは亡くなった黒人が紹介されています。この当たりも不勉強でどれほどの運動になっているか、わからないのですが、日本にいるとどうしても彼女のスタンドプレーとして受け止めてしまうかもしれませんが、そうではなく大きな流れに共鳴した行動であることが伺えます。


NOT EVERYTHING THAT IS FACED CAN BE CHANGED, BUT NOTHING CAN BE CHANGED UNTIL IT IS FACED.
—JAMES BALDWIN

KNOW JUSTICE,
KNOW PEACE

From day one, the U.S. mourned the tragic loss of thousands of lives in the September 11 terrorist attacks, vowing to "Never Forget."

Today, and always, we must Never Forget the lives lost to the terror of racism, excessive force, and countless other injustices.

To move forward, we must Never Forget the Black lives taken unjustly. We must demand policy changes, equality, and justice for all.

In order to bring about lasting change, we must speak up, vote, and fight the cancer of inequality, racism, and white supremacy.

HISTORY WILL HAVE TO RECORD THE GREATEST TRAGEDY OF THIS PERIOD OF SOCIAL TRANSITION WAS NOT THE STRIDENT CLAMOR OF THE BAD PEOPLE, BUT THE APPALLING SILENCE OF THE GOOD PEOPLE.
—MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.



ウィキペディアではSayHerNameという運動に対しては項目が立っていました。こちらが先なのかもしれませんが、趣旨は同じで女性の被害者から男性も含めるようになった感じなのでしょうか。

(Wikipedia)
#SayHerName is a social movement that seeks to raise awareness for Black female victims of police brutality and anti-Black violence in the United States.[1] #SayHerName aims to change the public perception that victims of police brutality and anti-Black violence are predominantly male by highlighting the gender-specific ways in which Black women are disproportionately affected by fatal acts of racial injustice.[2] In an effort to create a large social media presence alongside existing racial justice campaigns, such as #BlackLivesMatter and #BlackGirlsMatter, the African American Policy Forum (AAPF) coined the hashtag #SayHerName in February 2015.

sayevery.nameのサイトで改めて犠牲者の多さを確認して、大坂なおみの言葉It's quite sad that seven masks isn't enough for the amount of namesを実感したのでした。7枚じゃぜんぜん足りません。

“It’s quite sad that seven masks isn’t enough for the amount of names.”
BY CHELSEY SANCHEZ SEP 1 2020, 12:51 PM EDT

In an interview, Osaka said that she has seven different masks with the names of Black people who have been killed by police and that she plans to honor their lives throughout the course of the US Open by wearing them on the court.

"It's quite sad that seven masks isn't enough for the amount of names," Osaka said. "Hopefully, I'll get to the finals and you can see all of them."

最後に英語学習的な疑問を一つ。Say Their Namesの運動とは別にクオモニューヨーク州知事が導入した警察改革法はSay Their Nameと呼ぶそうです。なぜこちらは単数形のnameなんでしょう。。。

By mashup NY 2020-06-12

ニューヨーク州では12日、警察官の懲戒記録の開示や、チョークホールドの禁止など4つの警察改革法「Say Their Name」が成立した。

一連の法案は、ミネアポリスのジョージ・フロイドさんの死亡事件後に作成され、今週水曜日までに10の法案が州議会を通過した。

クオモ氏は、ジョージ・フロイドさんの殺害事件は、数十年にわたって続く体系的な不公平と差別の転換期に過ぎないと語った。信頼関係がなければ、警察は有効な取り締まりを行うことができず、コミュニティは警備を許可することはできないと述べ、一連の法律は信頼関係の回復を目的としたものだと述べた。

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Yuta

Author:Yuta
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