Posted at 2022.02.23 Category : 未分類
今回の件で、領土一体性と主権(territorial integrity and sovereignty)という言葉が出てきました。
緊急で開かれた国連安保理での9分20秒あたりからのRosemary DiCarlo 国連事務次長の言葉です。あくまでregretを使っており、condemnではありません。
Mr. President,
It is with great concern and sadness that I brief the Council this evening on the unfolding dangerous situation in and around Ukraine.
In his statement today, the Secretary-General was clear: He considers the decision of the Russian Federation to recognize the independence of certain areas of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions to be a violation of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine and inconsistent with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations. We very much regret this decision, which risks having regional and global repercussions.
We also regret the order today to deploy Russian troops into eastern Ukraine, reportedly on a “peacekeeping mission”.
ここで触れられている国連事務総長の声明はこちら。greatly concernedで、condemnではありません。
The Secretary‐General is greatly concerned by the decision by the Russian Federation related to the status of certain areas of Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine. He calls for the peaceful settlement of the conflict in eastern Ukraine, in accordance with the Minsk Agreements, as endorsed by the Security Council in resolution 2202 (2015).
The Secretary‐General considers the decision of the Russian Federation to be a violation of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine and inconsistent with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations.
予想通りフランスやノルウェーなどがcondemnしていましたが、ロシアの立場を擁護しそうな国の発言が気になります。UAEや中国は非難せずに平和的解決を求めています。UAEはミンスク合意、中国は国連憲章に沿うことを求めているので、間接的にロシアを非難していることになるのでしょうか。赤字はYutaが入れました。
LANA ZAKI NUSSEIBEH (United Arab Emirates) said her delegation’s position was expressed in its statement on 17 February. Stressing the importance of de-escalating tensions, she called for good faith efforts to mitigate the risks and chart a diplomatic path consistent with international law. The Minsk agreements form a good basis from which to build, she said.
********
ZHANG JUN (China) called on all parties concerned to exercise restraint and avoid any action that may fuel tensions. Noting that the current situation in Ukraine is the result of “many complex factors” and that China “always makes its own position according to the merits of the matter itself”, he said that all countries should solve international disputes by peaceful means in line with the Charter of the United Nations.
ロシアの国連大使の言葉が気になりますが、ロシアだって戦争したいとは言いません。ドンバスでの平和を確立するためにはウクライナでの新しい大統領が必要というのがロシアの立場のようで、ウクライナの体制転換が最終目標であることが透けて見えます。ミンスク合意の当事者ではないとも語っていますね。
VASSILY A. NEBENZIA (Russian Federation) said the Council had heard a number of emotional statements and categorical assessments of President Putin’s decree. However, it must now focus on how to avoid war and force Ukraine to stop the shelling and provocations against Donetsk and Luhansk. That decree followed declarations of independence by the regions in 2014, and only occurred now — despite high support for doing so in the regions and the Russian Federation. The Government had asked Kyiv to listen to the aspirations of people in Donbas to teach their children their mother tongue, and who had fought against rather than alongside fascists in the Second World War. Moscow had hoped for peace and welcomed the election of a new President of Ukraine who had promised to establish peace in Donbas — but who instead resorted to bellicose rhetoric and shelling, a flat refusal to speak with the representatives of Donetsk and Luhansk. He reminded the Council that in all other conflicts, be it Libya or Yemen, all Member States insist on direct communication between the parties to conflict, but that Ukraine is exempted. The Russian Federation is not a party to the Minsk agreements, he affirmed, which have been sabotaged by Ukraine “with the backing of our Western colleagues”. While the Russian Federation remains open to a diplomatic solution, he condemned the negative role played by those colleagues, led by the United States, which had whipped up alarm over an impending invasion while sending weapons to Ukraine. He stressed that refugees from the regions have fled to the Russian Federation and not Ukraine, with 68,000 people seeking shelter there. Calling on Western colleagues to think twice and hold back the militaristic plans of Kyiv, he noted that most statements in the Council had not mentioned the nearly 4 million residents of Donbas.
参考までに、日本政府は Japan strongly condemns them.と強く非難していました。首相も会見で同様のことを語っていましたが、首相官邸はまだ英語版を出していませんでした。国際的な注目が高い案件ですから、英語版を素早く出すことも重要な気がします。
令和4年2月22日
February 22, 2022
1. 2月21日、ロシアが「ドネツク人民共和国」及び「ルハンスク人民共和国」の「独立」を承認する大統領令に署名するとともに、ロシア軍に軍事基地等の建設・使用の権利を与える「友好協力相互支援協定」に署名しました。
1. On February 21, Russia signed a Presidential Decree recognizing the "independence" of the "Donetsk People's Republic" and the "Luhansk People's Republic", as well as the "Treaty on Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance" granting the Russian Armed Force the right to build and use military bases and others.
2. こうした行為は、ウクライナの主権及び領土一体性を侵害し、国際法に違反するものであり、決して認められるものではなく、強く非難します。
2. Such actions constitute an infringement of the Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and are in violation of international law. They are totally unacceptable and Japan strongly condemns them.
3. 我が国として、改めて事態の展開を深刻な懸念をもって注視していくとともに、G7を始めとする国際社会と連携し、制裁を含む厳しい対応につき調整を行っていきます。
3. Japan will continue to monitor the development in the situation with serious concern, and coordinate a tough response including sancitons in cooperation with the international community, including the G7.
国連憲章にはなんと書いてあるのか、確認します。sovereigntyやterritorial integrityが関係しそうなところを以下に抜粋しました。
第1章 目的及び原則 第2条
Chapter I: Purposes and Principles Article 2
1. The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members.
1. この機構は、そのすべての加盟国の主権平等の原則に基礎をおいている。
4. All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations.
4. すべての加盟国は、その国際関係において、武力による威嚇又は武力の行使を、いかなる国の領土保全又は政治的独立に対するものも、また、国際連合の目的と両立しない他のいかなる方法によるものも慎まなければならない。
国連事務総長が触れていた安保理決議も全文が確認できます。これにはミンスク合意の全文も添付文書にありました。ここでもsovereignty, independence and territorial integrityが強調されています。
Adopted by the Security Council at its 7384th meeting, on 17 February 2015
The Security Council,
Recalling the purposes and principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations and reaffirming its full respect for the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Ukraine,
Expressing its grave concern at the tragic events and violence in eastern regions of Ukraine,
Reaffirming its Resolution 2166 (2014),
2015 年2月 17 日、安全保障理事会第 7384 回会合にて採択
安全保障理事会は、
国際連合憲章に記されている目的および原則を想起しそしてウクライナの主権、独立並びに領土保 全に対する安保理の十分な尊重を再確認し、
ウクライナの東部地域における悲劇的な出来事および暴力に安保理の深刻な懸念を表明し、
ロシアも以下のようにしっかりと宣言していますから、ミンスク合意の当事者ではないとしらばっくれたくなるのもわかります。
添付文書II
The President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin, the President of Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko, the President of the French Republic, François Hollande, and the Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, Dr. Angela Merkel, reaffirm their full respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine. They firmly believe that there is no alternative to an exclusively peaceful settlement. They are fully committed to undertake all possible individual and joint measures to this end.
ロシア連邦大統領、ウラジミール・プーチン、ウクライナ大統領、ペトロ・ポロシェンコ、フラン ス共和国大統領、フランソワ・オランド、およびドイツ連邦共和国首相、アンゲラ・メルケル博士 は、ウクライナの主権および領土保全に対する彼らの十分な尊重を再確認する。彼らは、平和的解決に代わるものはまったくないことを固く信じている。彼らは、この目的のために、全ての可能な 個々のまた合同の措置を果たすことを十分に約束した。
一次資料が簡単に確認できる便利な世の中を実感しますが、一方で言葉が簡単に武力で踏み躙られてしまっている現実というのも思い知らされます。
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